BIOLOGY LESSON NOTE ON HUMAN KIDNEY

Image
Lesson Note on the Human Kidney Topic: The Human Kidney Duration: 40 minutes Specific Objectives: By the end of the lesson, students should be able to: Define the kidney and state its location in the human body. Identify and describe the structure and functions of the kidney. Explain the processes involved in urine formation (filtration, reabsorption, and secretion). Describe how the kidney contributes to homeostasis. Identify common kidney-related diseases and how to prevent them. Evaluate the importance of maintaining kidney health. Lesson Content: 1. Introduction to the Human Kidney The kidneys are vital organs in the human body responsible for filtering waste from the blood and regulating water and electrolyte balance. They are part of the excretory system and play a crucial role in homeostasis. Location: The kidneys are located in the abdominal cavity, on either side of the spine, just below the rib cage. Each kidney is bean-shaped and about the size of a fi...
1 comment

BIOLOGY LESSON NOTE ON FERTILIZATION AND IMPLANTATION

 Lesson Notes on Fertilization, Implantation, Embryo Development, Selective Exchange between Mother and Child, Removal of Excretory Products in Foetus

Introduction:

Fertilization is the process of fusion of male and female gametes to form a zygote. This zygote undergoes various developmental stages and eventually develops into a fetus. During pregnancy, there is a selective exchange of essential nutrients and gases between the mother and the developing fetus. The fetus also eliminates waste products through the placenta and eventually through the urinary system

Fertilization:

- Fertilization occurs when a sperm cell meets an ovum in the fallopian tube

- The sperm penetrates the ovum and the nuclei of the two gametes fuse to form a diploid zygote with a full set of chromosomes

- This zygote begins to divide and travels down the fallopian tube towards the uterus

Implantation

- The embryo reaches the uterus after several cell divisions

- It implants itself in the endometrial lining of the uterus and begins to form the placenta

- The placenta is a specialized organ that allows for selective exchange of nutrients, gases, and waste products between the mother and the fetus

Embryo Development:

- The embryo develops into a fetus after 9 weeks of gestation

- Differentiation occurs during development, resulting in the formation of different organs and tissues

- The fetus also grows in size, reaching a weight of approximately 3.5 kg (7.5 pounds) by the end of gestation

Selective Exchange between Mother and Child:

- The placenta allows for selective exchange of nutrients, gases, and waste products between the mother and the fetus

- Essential nutrients like oxygen and glucose are transported from the mother to the fetus, while waste products like carbon dioxide are transported from the fetus to the mother for elimination

Removal of Excretory Products:

- The fetus eliminates waste products through the placenta

- The liver and kidneys of the fetus eventually mature and take over the function of eliminating waste products

- The urinary system of the fetus removes these waste products from the body

Conclusion:

- In summary, fertilization, implantation, embryo development, selective exchange between mother and child, and removal of excretory products in fetus are all crucial processes that occur during pregnancy. Proper prenatal care and nutrition are essential for ensuring healthy fetal development and a successful pregnancy.

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

CHEMISTRY LESSON NOTE FOR SS1, SS2 AND SS3 pdf

Senior Secondary School 1 (SS1) Chemistry Scheme of Work First Term Introduction to Chemistry – Definition, history, branches, and importance. Chemical Industries and Laboratory Apparatus – Common apparatus and their uses. Nature of Matter – States, properties, changes of state. Separation Techniques – Filtration, distillation, sublimation, chromatography. Atomic Structure – Structure of the atom, subatomic particles. Periodic Table – Groups, periods, and periodicity. Chemical Combination – Laws of chemical combination. Acids, Bases, and Salts – Definitions, examples, and properties. Chemical Symbols, Formulae, and Equations – Writing symbols, formulae, balancing equations. Quantitative and Qualitative Analysis (Introduction) – Basic concepts. Revision Examination Closing Second Term Mole Concept and Stoichiometry – Mole, molar mass, Avogadro’s number. Percentage Composition and Empirical Formula – Calculations. Gas Laws – Boyle’s law, Charles’ law, idea...
Read more

WEEK 2: PEST AND DISEASES OF CROPS

TOPIC: Pest and disease of crops MAIN AIM: To help the learners know about pest and disease of crops SUSIDIARY AIM: By the end of the lesson, learner should be able to; Define pest. Classify pests based on the parts of crops they attack and their animal types. Explain the life cycles of some pests. Discuss methods of pest control. PERSONAL AIM: To keep strictly to time allotted to  each stage of the lesson PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE: The learners know about pest from experience TEACHING AIDS: Research work from the internet, pictures PROCEDURE: The teacher present the lesson with the following steps STEP ONE: PEST  A pest can be defined as any animal (or plant) which causes damage to crops or livestock thereby reducing their yields and economic values. Pests are living organisms which may bite, destroy food crops, damage property or otherwise make lives more difficult. STEP TWO: Classification of Pests Pests can be classified based on; The part of crops/plants they attack The type...
Read more

SS1 SECOND TERM BIOLOGY SCHEME OF WORK

SS1 SECOND TERM BIOLOGY SCHEME OF WORK  TOPICS Tissue and supporting system Vertebrate skeleton  Supporting tissues in plant Nutrition in animals  Mammalian teeth  Basic ecological concepts  Population studies by sampling method  Ecological factors  Functioning ecosystem  Tropic levels  Revision  Examination 
Read more