BIOLOGY LESSON NOTE ON HUMAN KIDNEY

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Lesson Note on the Human Kidney Topic: The Human Kidney Duration: 40 minutes Specific Objectives: By the end of the lesson, students should be able to: Define the kidney and state its location in the human body. Identify and describe the structure and functions of the kidney. Explain the processes involved in urine formation (filtration, reabsorption, and secretion). Describe how the kidney contributes to homeostasis. Identify common kidney-related diseases and how to prevent them. Evaluate the importance of maintaining kidney health. Lesson Content: 1. Introduction to the Human Kidney The kidneys are vital organs in the human body responsible for filtering waste from the blood and regulating water and electrolyte balance. They are part of the excretory system and play a crucial role in homeostasis. Location: The kidneys are located in the abdominal cavity, on either side of the spine, just below the rib cage. Each kidney is bean-shaped and about the size of a fi...
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Respiratory Surface

Respiratory surface refers to the definite surface of the body such as the surface of the lungs or a gill where gaseous exchange takes place.

Characteristics of Respiratory Surfaces 

  1. It must be moist because gases diffuse in solution through them.

  1. It must be permeable to allow gas to pass in and out of them.

  1. It must be thin-walled to make diffusion easier and faster.

  1. It must have an adequate supply of transport medium.

  1. The surface must be large to aid easy diffusion of gases.

  1. It must be highly vascularized i.e. it must have lots of capillaries or a similar network to bring in and take away gases.

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