BIOLOGY LESSON NOTE ON HUMAN KIDNEY

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Lesson Note on the Human Kidney Topic: The Human Kidney Duration: 40 minutes Specific Objectives: By the end of the lesson, students should be able to: Define the kidney and state its location in the human body. Identify and describe the structure and functions of the kidney. Explain the processes involved in urine formation (filtration, reabsorption, and secretion). Describe how the kidney contributes to homeostasis. Identify common kidney-related diseases and how to prevent them. Evaluate the importance of maintaining kidney health. Lesson Content: 1. Introduction to the Human Kidney The kidneys are vital organs in the human body responsible for filtering waste from the blood and regulating water and electrolyte balance. They are part of the excretory system and play a crucial role in homeostasis. Location: The kidneys are located in the abdominal cavity, on either side of the spine, just below the rib cage. Each kidney is bean-shaped and about the size of a fi...
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Comprehensive English Scheme Of Work For SS1-SS3: First, Second and Third Term

 Senior Secondary School 1 (SS1) English Scheme of Work

First Term

  1. Comprehension – Reading for main ideas, vocabulary in context.
  2. Grammar – Parts of speech: nouns, pronouns, adjectives.
  3. Vocabulary Development – Synonyms, antonyms, homonyms.
  4. Writing – Descriptive essay: format, planning, execution.
  5. Oral English – Vowels: pure vowels and diphthongs.
  6. Comprehension – Reading to identify writer’s tone and purpose.
  7. Grammar – Tenses: simple present, past, future.
  8. Vocabulary Development – Words associated with education.
  9. Writing – Narrative essay: structure, characterization.
  10. Oral English – Consonant sounds: voiced and voiceless.
  11. Revision
  12. Examination
  13. Closing

Second Term

  1. Comprehension – Reading to identify implied meaning.
  2. Grammar – Concord: subject-verb agreement.
  3. Vocabulary Development – Words related to health and hygiene.
  4. Writing – Expository essay: definition, examples.
  5. Oral English – Stress in polysyllabic words.
  6. Comprehension – Inference from text.
  7. Grammar – Active and passive voice.
  8. Vocabulary Development – Words associated with the home.
  9. Writing – Argumentative essay: features and examples.
  10. Oral English – Intonation: rising and falling tones.
  11. Revision
  12. Examination
  13. Closing

Third Term

  1. Comprehension – Identifying mood and atmosphere.
  2. Grammar – Modal auxiliaries and their uses.
  3. Vocabulary Development – Words associated with agriculture.
  4. Writing – Formal letter: layout, style.
  5. Oral English – Rhymes and speech sounds.
  6. Comprehension – Reading for specific information.
  7. Grammar – Clauses and sentence types.
  8. Vocabulary Development – Words related to government and politics.
  9. Writing – Informal letter: features and tone.
  10. Oral English – Listening comprehension practice.
  11. Revision
  12. Examination
  13. Closing

Senior Secondary School 2 (SS2) English Scheme of Work

First Term

  1. Comprehension – Reading to summarize key points.
  2. Grammar – Sentence construction: types and errors.
  3. Vocabulary Development – Words related to sports and entertainment.
  4. Writing – Article writing: format and tone.
  5. Oral English – Minimal pairs and their pronunciation.
  6. Comprehension – Drawing conclusions from text.
  7. Grammar – Direct and indirect speech.
  8. Vocabulary Development – Words associated with science and technology.
  9. Writing – Speech writing: structure and audience awareness.
  10. Oral English – Features of connected speech.
  11. Revision
  12. Examination
  13. Closing

Second Term

  1. Comprehension – Summarizing factual passages.
  2. Grammar – Phrasal verbs and idioms.
  3. Vocabulary Development – Words related to business and finance.
  4. Writing – Report writing: types and structure.
  5. Oral English – Identifying syllables in words.
  6. Comprehension – Distinguishing fact from opinion.
  7. Grammar – Question tags and usage.
  8. Vocabulary Development – Words associated with the environment.
  9. Writing – Creative writing: poems and short stories.
  10. Oral English – Dialogue and conversation practice.
  11. Revision
  12. Examination
  13. Closing

Third Term

  1. Comprehension – Critical reading and evaluation.
  2. Grammar – Use of determiners.
  3. Vocabulary Development – Words associated with transportation.
  4. Writing – Review writing: books, films, articles.
  5. Oral English – Word linking and stress patterns.
  6. Comprehension – Summarizing narrative passages.
  7. Grammar – Transformation of sentences.
  8. Vocabulary Development – Words related to religion and morality.
  9. Writing – Essay competitions: formats and strategies.
  10. Oral English – Phonetic transcription basics.
  11. Revision
  12. Examination
  13. Closing

Senior Secondary School 3 (SS3) English Scheme of Work

First Term

  1. Comprehension – WAEC/NECO past comprehension practice.
  2. Grammar – Common errors in grammar.
  3. Vocabulary Development – High-frequency examination words.
  4. Writing – Summary writing techniques.
  5. Oral English – Practice with past oral English questions.
  6. Comprehension – Comparative reading.
  7. Grammar – Sentence transformation.
  8. Vocabulary Development – Revision of all thematic vocabulary.
  9. Writing – Revising various essay types.
  10. Oral English – Full practice mock test.
  11. Revision
  12. Examination
  13. Closing

Second Term

  1. Comprehension – Logical reasoning passages.
  2. Grammar – Advanced sentence patterns.
  3. Vocabulary Development – Proverbs and figurative expressions.
  4. Writing – Past WAEC/NECO writing topics.
  5. Oral English – Phonological awareness practice.
  6. Comprehension – Skimming and scanning exercises.
  7. Grammar – Advanced concord rules.
  8. Vocabulary Development – Contextual vocabulary use.
  9. Writing – Real-life application: CVs, letters.
  10. Oral English – Phonemic drills.
  11. Revision
  12. Examination
  13. Closing

Third Term

  1. Comprehension – Final exam comprehension drills.
  2. Grammar – Full grammar review.
  3. Vocabulary Development – Practice with cloze passages.
  4. Writing – Timed practice essays.
  5. Oral English – Mock oral tests.
  6. Comprehension – Summary and objective practice.
  7. Grammar – WAEC/NECO question practice.
  8. Vocabulary Development – Consolidation.
  9. Writing – Recap of essay types.
  10. Oral English – Final oral preparation.
  11. General Revision
  12. Mock Examination
  13. Closing

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