BIOLOGY LESSON NOTE ON HUMAN KIDNEY

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Lesson Note on the Human Kidney Topic: The Human Kidney Duration: 40 minutes Specific Objectives: By the end of the lesson, students should be able to: Define the kidney and state its location in the human body. Identify and describe the structure and functions of the kidney. Explain the processes involved in urine formation (filtration, reabsorption, and secretion). Describe how the kidney contributes to homeostasis. Identify common kidney-related diseases and how to prevent them. Evaluate the importance of maintaining kidney health. Lesson Content: 1. Introduction to the Human Kidney The kidneys are vital organs in the human body responsible for filtering waste from the blood and regulating water and electrolyte balance. They are part of the excretory system and play a crucial role in homeostasis. Location: The kidneys are located in the abdominal cavity, on either side of the spine, just below the rib cage. Each kidney is bean-shaped and about the size of a fi...
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SCHEME OF WORK FOR BASIC SCIENCE, FIRST, SECOND & THIRD TERM (JSS 1–3)

SCHEME OF WORK FOR BASIC SCIENCE (JSS 1–3)

JSS 1 Basic Science

First Term (13 Weeks)

  • Week 1: Introduction to Basic Science – Meaning, scope, and importance
  • Week 2: Science Laboratory – Equipment, safety rules, first aid
  • Week 3: Measurement – Length, mass, time, temperature
  • Week 4: Living and Non-living Things – Characteristics and differences
  • Week 5: Soil – Types, properties, and uses
  • Week 6: Water – Sources, properties, purification
  • Week 7: Air – Composition, properties, importance
  • Week 8: Weather – Elements, instruments, and recording
  • Week 9: Plants – Parts and functions
  • Week 10: Animals – Classification and examples
  • Week 11: Revision
  • Week 12: Examination
  • Week 13: Closing

Second Term (13 Weeks)

  • Week 1: Matter – States and changes
  • Week 2: Mixtures – Types and separation techniques
  • Week 3: Energy – Meaning, forms, and uses
  • Week 4: Force – Types and effects
  • Week 5: Work, Energy, and Power – Relationship and calculations
  • Week 6: Simple Machines – Lever, pulley, wheel and axle
  • Week 7: Environmental Pollution – Types, causes, and control
  • Week 8: Soil Erosion – Causes, effects, prevention
  • Week 9: Rocks – Types and uses
  • Week 10: Minerals – Types and importance
  • Week 11: Revision
  • Week 12: Examination
  • Week 13: Closing

Third Term (13 Weeks)

  • Week 1: Growth and Development in Living Things
  • Week 2: Human Body Systems – Skeletal and muscular systems
  • Week 3: Digestive System – Structure and functions
  • Week 4: Circulatory System – Blood and functions
  • Week 5: Respiratory System – Organs and processes
  • Week 6: Reproductive System – Male and female
  • Week 7: Drug Use and Abuse – Types and dangers
  • Week 8: Health Education – Hygiene and diseases
  • Week 9: Food and Nutrition – Balanced diet
  • Week 10: Agricultural Science – Crop production basics
  • Week 11: Revision
  • Week 12: Examination
  • Week 13: Closing

JSS 2 Basic Science

First Term (13 Weeks)

  • Week 1: Living and Non-living Things – Classification
  • Week 2: Cell – Structure and functions
  • Week 3: Tissue, Organ, and System – Functions and examples
  • Week 4: Human Skeleton – Types and joints
  • Week 5: Movement – Muscles and locomotion
  • Week 6: Nutrition – Classes of food and balanced diet
  • Week 7: Soil Formation – Processes and importance
  • Week 8: Rocks – Types and formation
  • Week 9: Minerals – Uses in daily life
  • Week 10: Environmental Resources – Conservation
  • Week 11: Revision
  • Week 12: Examination
  • Week 13: Closing

Second Term (13 Weeks)

  • Week 1: Heat Energy – Sources and transfer
  • Week 2: Light Energy – Reflection and refraction
  • Week 3: Sound Energy – Production and transmission
  • Week 4: Magnetism – Properties and uses
  • Week 5: Electricity – Circuits, conductors, insulators
  • Week 6: Space and Solar System – Planets, moon, stars
  • Week 7: Environment – Conservation and protection
  • Week 8: Waste and Waste Disposal – Methods
  • Week 9: Weather and Climate – Differences and elements
  • Week 10: Water Cycle – Evaporation, condensation, rainfall
  • Week 11: Revision
  • Week 12: Examination
  • Week 13: Closing

Third Term (13 Weeks)

  • Week 1: Changes in Matter – Physical and chemical changes
  • Week 2: Acids, Bases, and Salts – Properties and uses
  • Week 3: Combustion – Types and prevention
  • Week 4: Fertilizers – Types, uses, dangers
  • Week 5: Crop Production – Methods and importance
  • Week 6: Food Preservation – Methods
  • Week 7: Water-borne Diseases – Causes and prevention
  • Week 8: HIV/AIDS and STIs – Causes, prevention, and effects
  • Week 9: Biotechnology – Uses in agriculture and medicine
  • Week 10: Climate Change – Causes and effects
  • Week 11: Revision
  • Week 12: Examination
  • Week 13: Closing

JSS 3 Basic Science

First Term (13 Weeks)

  • Week 1: Family Health – Personal and community health
  • Week 2: Adolescence and Puberty – Physical and emotional changes
  • Week 3: Reproduction in Humans – Fertilization, pregnancy
  • Week 4: Growth and Development – Hormones
  • Week 5: Drug Abuse – Types and effects
  • Week 6: Human Circulatory System – Diseases and prevention
  • Week 7: Blood Groups and Transfusion
  • Week 8: Excretory System – Structure and functions
  • Week 9: Digestive System – Disorders
  • Week 10: Respiratory System – Disorders and prevention
  • Week 11: Revision
  • Week 12: Examination
  • Week 13: Closing

Second Term (13 Weeks)

  • Week 1: Energy Transformation – Forms and uses
  • Week 2: Radioactivity – Meaning, uses, dangers
  • Week 3: Heat Transfer – Conduction, convection, radiation
  • Week 4: Simple Machines – Calculations and efficiency
  • Week 5: Electricity and Magnetism – Electromagnets and uses
  • Week 6: Space Exploration – Satellites and rockets
  • Week 7: Environmental Hazards – Flood, erosion, desertification
  • Week 8: Population and Resources – Effects and control
  • Week 9: Waste Management – Modern methods
  • Week 10: Soil Conservation – Methods and importance
  • Week 11: Revision
  • Week 12: Examination
  • Week 13: Closing

Third Term (13 Weeks)

  • Week 1: Ecology – Ecosystem, food chain, food web
  • Week 2: Adaptation – Plants and animals
  • Week 3: Conservation of Natural Resources – Forest, water, wildlife
  • Week 4: Biotechnology – Benefits in Nigeria
  • Week 5: Climate Change – Effects and solutions
  • Week 6: Science and Technology in Nigeria – Contributions and challenges
  • Week 7: Review of JSS1–3 Topics (BECE Prep)
  • Week 8: Review of JSS1–3 Topics (BECE Prep)
  • Week 9: Review of JSS1–3 Topics (BECE Prep)
  • Week 10: Review of JSS1–3 Topics (BECE Prep)
  • Week 11: Revision (Final BECE Mock)
  • Week 12: Examination
  • Week 13: Closing


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