BIOLOGY LESSON NOTE ON HUMAN KIDNEY

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Lesson Note on the Human Kidney Topic: The Human Kidney Duration: 40 minutes Specific Objectives: By the end of the lesson, students should be able to: Define the kidney and state its location in the human body. Identify and describe the structure and functions of the kidney. Explain the processes involved in urine formation (filtration, reabsorption, and secretion). Describe how the kidney contributes to homeostasis. Identify common kidney-related diseases and how to prevent them. Evaluate the importance of maintaining kidney health. Lesson Content: 1. Introduction to the Human Kidney The kidneys are vital organs in the human body responsible for filtering waste from the blood and regulating water and electrolyte balance. They are part of the excretory system and play a crucial role in homeostasis. Location: The kidneys are located in the abdominal cavity, on either side of the spine, just below the rib cage. Each kidney is bean-shaped and about the size of a fi...
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SCHEME OF WORK FOR CIVIC EDUCATION FIRST, SECOND & THIRD TERM FOR SS1-SS3

 

📗 SCHEME OF WORK FOR CIVIC EDUCATION

SENIOR SECONDARY ONE (SS1)

First Term

  • Week 1: Introduction to Civic Education – Meaning, Importance & Objectives
  • Week 2: Values – Meaning, Types (Honesty, Discipline, Integrity, etc.)
  • Week 3: Skills for National Values – Contentment, Courage, Integrity, Fairness
  • Week 4: Community Services – Meaning, Types & Importance
  • Week 5: Citizenship – Meaning, Types, Ways of Acquiring Citizenship in Nigeria
  • Week 6: Rights of Citizens – Fundamental Human Rights in Nigeria
  • Week 7: Duties & Obligations of Citizens – Obeying Laws, Voting, Paying Taxes
  • Week 8: Nationalism – Meaning, Attributes, Importance
  • Week 9: Negative Attitudes to National Values – Examples & Consequences
  • Week 10: Religious & Ethnic Intolerance – Meaning, Causes, Consequences & Solutions
  • Week 11: Revision
  • Week 12: Examination
  • Week 13: Closing

Second Term

  • Week 1: Democracy – Meaning, Features, Importance
  • Week 2: Pillars of Democracy – Rule of Law, Separation of Powers, Free Press, etc.
  • Week 3: Democratic Institutions – Meaning, Types & Roles (INEC, Judiciary, Legislature)
  • Week 4: Representative Democracy – Advantages & Disadvantages
  • Week 5: Political Parties – Meaning, Functions, Problems in Nigeria
  • Week 6: Elections – Meaning, Importance, Electoral Malpractices
  • Week 7: Public Service in Democracy – Meaning, Functions & Problems
  • Week 8: Civil Society Organizations (CSOs) – Meaning, Roles in Democracy
  • Week 9: Pressure Groups – Types, Roles, Positive & Negative Effects
  • Week 10: Popular Participation – Meaning, Ways to Participate in Civic Life
  • Week 11: Revision
  • Week 12: Examination
  • Week 13: Closing

Third Term

  • Week 1: Human Rights – Meaning, Classification (Civil, Political, Economic, Social)
  • Week 2: Limitations to Human Rights – Reasons & Examples in Nigeria
  • Week 3: Protection of Human Rights – National & International Mechanisms
  • Week 4: Rule of Law – Meaning, Principles, Importance
  • Week 5: Constitutional Democracy – Meaning, Features, Importance
  • Week 6: Constitution – Types, Importance, Supremacy of the Constitution
  • Week 7: Structure of Government – Executive, Legislature, Judiciary (Roles & Functions)
  • Week 8: Federalism – Meaning, Features, Advantages & Problems in Nigeria
  • Week 9: Nigeria & the International Community – Membership of UN, AU, ECOWAS
  • Week 10: Peace & Conflict Resolution – Meaning, Causes of Conflict, Peace Strategies
  • Week 11: Revision
  • Week 12: Examination
  • Week 13: Closing

SENIOR SECONDARY TWO (SS2)

First Term

  • Week 1: Review of SS1 Civic Education Foundations
  • Week 2: National Ethics – Meaning, Importance, Attributes (Discipline, Integrity, Dignity of Labour)
  • Week 3: Contentment – Meaning, Attributes, Effects of Lack of Contentment
  • Week 4: Courage – Meaning, Attributes, Importance
  • Week 5: Discipline – Meaning, Types, Importance in Society
  • Week 6: Integrity – Meaning, Attributes, Importance in National Development
  • Week 7: Self-Reliance – Meaning, Attributes, Importance
  • Week 8: Patriotism – Meaning, Attributes, Importance
  • Week 9: Corruption – Meaning, Types, Causes, Effects, Solutions
  • Week 10: National Development – Meaning, Indicators, Obstacles in Nigeria
  • Week 11: Revision
  • Week 12: Examination
  • Week 13: Closing

Second Term

  • Week 1: Drug Abuse – Meaning, Types of Drugs, Causes, Effects
  • Week 2: Preventive Measures Against Drug Abuse – Role of NDLEA, Society, Family
  • Week 3: Human Trafficking – Meaning, Causes, Effects, Solutions
  • Week 4: Cultism – Meaning, Causes, Effects, Preventive Measures
  • Week 5: Youth Empowerment – Meaning, Skills Acquisition, Importance
  • Week 6: Popular Participation – Forms, Benefits, Barriers
  • Week 7: Public Service – Problems, Reforms, Strategies for Efficiency
  • Week 8: Leadership – Meaning, Qualities of a Good Leader, Styles of Leadership
  • Week 9: Political Apathy – Meaning, Causes, Consequences, Solutions
  • Week 10: Civic Responsibility – Meaning, Examples, Importance in Society
  • Week 11: Revision
  • Week 12: Examination
  • Week 13: Closing

Third Term

  • Week 1: Democracy & National Development – Relationship, Benefits
  • Week 2: Free & Fair Elections – Characteristics, Importance
  • Week 3: Electoral Malpractices – Meaning, Forms, Consequences, Solutions
  • Week 4: Rule of Law & Democracy – Relationship & Challenges in Nigeria
  • Week 5: Citizenship Education – Rights, Duties, Civic Obligations
  • Week 6: Civil Society & Democracy – Role in Nation Building
  • Week 7: Constitutionalism – Meaning, Importance, Problems in Nigeria
  • Week 8: Security Education – Meaning, Importance, Agencies of Security (Police, NSCDC, etc.)
  • Week 9: National Security Threats – Terrorism, Kidnapping, Cybercrime, Banditry
  • Week 10: Ways of Promoting National Security – Civic Responsibility, Government Action
  • Week 11: Revision
  • Week 12: Examination
  • Week 13: Closing

SENIOR SECONDARY THREE (SS3)

(Exam-focused year: WAEC, NECO, JAMB prep)

First Term

  • Week 1: Overview of WAEC/NECO Civic Education Syllabus
  • Week 2: Citizenship – Acquisition, Rights, Obligations (Exam Practice)
  • Week 3: National Values – Contentment, Discipline, Integrity (Exam Practice)
  • Week 4: Democracy – Principles, Institutions, Features (Exam Practice)
  • Week 5: Human Rights – Classification, Limitations, Protection (Exam Practice)
  • Week 6: Rule of Law – Principles, Problems in Nigeria (Exam Practice)
  • Week 7: Government Structures – Executive, Legislature, Judiciary (Exam Practice)
  • Week 8: Nationalism & Patriotism – Attributes, Importance (Exam Practice)
  • Week 9: Peace & Conflict Resolution – Causes of Conflict, Peace Mechanisms
  • Week 10: Past WAEC/NECO Objective & Essay Practice (Mixed Topics)
  • Week 11: Revision
  • Week 12: Examination
  • Week 13: Closing

Second Term

  • Week 1: Corruption in Nigeria – Types, Causes, Solutions (Exam Practice)
  • Week 2: Drug Abuse – Causes, Effects, Prevention (Exam Practice)
  • Week 3: Human Trafficking & Cultism (Exam Practice)
  • Week 4: Youth Empowerment – Importance, Skills, Government Programs
  • Week 5: Popular Participation – Meaning, Importance, Barriers
  • Week 6: Civil Society & Public Service in Democracy (Exam Practice)
  • Week 7: Leadership – Qualities, Styles, Good vs Bad Leadership
  • Week 8: Political Apathy – Causes, Consequences, Solutions
  • Week 9: Security Education – Meaning, Threats, Solutions
  • Week 10: Past WAEC/NECO Objective & Essay Practice (Mixed Topics)
  • Week 11: Revision
  • Week 12: Examination
  • Week 13: Closing

Third Term (Final Preparation for WAEC/NECO)

  • Week 1: Full Review of National Values (Contentment, Integrity, Discipline, Patriotism)
  • Week 2: Full Review of Citizenship, Human Rights & Rule of Law
  • Week 3: Full Review of Democracy & Democratic Institutions
  • Week 4: Full Review of Public Service, Civil Society, Political Parties, Elections
  • Week 5: Full Review of Social Issues – Drug Abuse, Cultism, Corruption, Human Trafficking
  • Week 6: Full Review of Security Education & National Security Issues
  • Week 7: Past WAEC/NECO Questions – Citizenship & Values
  • Week 8: Past WAEC/NECO Questions – Democracy & Institutions
  • Week 9: Past WAEC/NECO Questions – Human Rights & Social Issues
  • Week 10: Mock Exam Practice & Time Management Techniques
  • Week 11: Revision
  • Week 12: Examination (WAEC/NECO)
  • Week 13: Closing / Graduation

✅ This gives a complete SS1–SS3 Civic Education scheme of work, aligned with Nigerian Curriculum and exam requirements.

Do you want me to also expand each week into a detailed lesson plan format (Objectives, Teacher/Student activities, Instructional Materials, Evaluation), the way schools usually keep it in their official record books?

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