BIOLOGY LESSON NOTE ON HUMAN KIDNEY

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Lesson Note on the Human Kidney Topic: The Human Kidney Duration: 40 minutes Specific Objectives: By the end of the lesson, students should be able to: Define the kidney and state its location in the human body. Identify and describe the structure and functions of the kidney. Explain the processes involved in urine formation (filtration, reabsorption, and secretion). Describe how the kidney contributes to homeostasis. Identify common kidney-related diseases and how to prevent them. Evaluate the importance of maintaining kidney health. Lesson Content: 1. Introduction to the Human Kidney The kidneys are vital organs in the human body responsible for filtering waste from the blood and regulating water and electrolyte balance. They are part of the excretory system and play a crucial role in homeostasis. Location: The kidneys are located in the abdominal cavity, on either side of the spine, just below the rib cage. Each kidney is bean-shaped and about the size of a fi...

SCHEME OF WORK FOR BASIC TECHNOLOGY FOR FIRST, SECOND &THIRD TERM (JSS1–3)

 

SCHEME OF WORK FOR BASIC TECHNOLOGY (JSS1–3)


JSS 1 Basic Technology

First Term (13 Weeks)

  • Week 1: Introduction to Technology – Meaning, branches, importance
  • Week 2: Safety Guidelines in the Workshop – Rules and first aid
  • Week 3: Workshop Tools and Materials – Identification and uses
  • Week 4: Drawing Instruments – Types and care
  • Week 5: Basic Technical Drawing – Types of lines and their uses
  • Week 6: Geometrical Construction I – Bisecting lines and angles
  • Week 7: Geometrical Construction II – Polygons and circles
  • Week 8: Scales and Scale Drawing – Meaning, types, and uses
  • Week 9: Applied Electricity – Simple electric circuits, conductors, insulators
  • Week 10: Energy and Power – Forms, sources, importance
  • Week 11: Revision
  • Week 12: Examination
  • Week 13: Closing

Second Term (13 Weeks)

  • Week 1: Woodwork Hand Tools – Types and uses
  • Week 2: Metalwork Hand Tools – Types and uses
  • Week 3: Technical Drawing – Isometric drawing
  • Week 4: Technical Drawing – Orthographic projection
  • Week 5: Building Materials – Types and uses (cement, bricks, sand)
  • Week 6: Building Construction Process – Site preparation and foundation
  • Week 7: Roof Construction – Types of roofs and materials
  • Week 8: Simple Machines I – Lever, pulley, inclined plane
  • Week 9: Simple Machines II – Wheel and axle, gears, screw, wedge
  • Week 10: Maintenance of Simple Machines
  • Week 11: Revision
  • Week 12: Examination
  • Week 13: Closing

Third Term (13 Weeks)

  • Week 1: Properties of Materials – Metals, non-metals, plastics, ceramics
  • Week 2: Processing of Materials – Wood processing and preservation
  • Week 3: Processing of Materials – Metal extraction and fabrication
  • Week 4: Processing of Materials – Plastic and rubber production
  • Week 5: Belt and Chain Drives – Types and uses
  • Week 6: Bearings – Types and applications
  • Week 7: Information and Communication Technology – Tools and applications
  • Week 8: Drawing Practice – Simple household objects
  • Week 9: Careers in Technology – Engineering, ICT, building technology
  • Week 10: Entrepreneurship in Technology – Skills acquisition and innovation
  • Week 11: Revision
  • Week 12: Examination
  • Week 13: Closing

JSS 2 Basic Technology

First Term (13 Weeks)

  • Week 1: Revision of JSS1 Work
  • Week 2: Drawing Instruments – Care and maintenance
  • Week 3: Scales and Scale Drawing – Applications
  • Week 4: Geometrical Construction – Tangents and loci
  • Week 5: Building Construction – Walls and floor finishes
  • Week 6: Building Construction – Doors and windows
  • Week 7: Building Construction – Roof types and covering materials
  • Week 8: Woodwork Tools and Machines – Types and maintenance
  • Week 9: Metalwork Tools and Machines – Types and maintenance
  • Week 10: Mechanical Systems – Motion and transmission
  • Week 11: Revision
  • Week 12: Examination
  • Week 13: Closing

Second Term (13 Weeks)

  • Week 1: Electrical Symbols and Components
  • Week 2: Electrical Wiring – Types and safety precautions
  • Week 3: Magnetism – Properties and uses
  • Week 4: Electronics – Simple devices and their functions
  • Week 5: Energy Sources – Renewable and non-renewable
  • Week 6: Conversion of Energy – Heat, light, sound, electricity
  • Week 7: Maintenance – Meaning, importance, types
  • Week 8: Engineering Materials – Ferrous and non-ferrous metals
  • Week 9: Processing of Materials – Glass and ceramics
  • Week 10: Processing of Materials – Rubber and plastics
  • Week 11: Revision
  • Week 12: Examination
  • Week 13: Closing

Third Term (13 Weeks)

  • Week 1: Fluid Mechanics – Liquid pressure and applications
  • Week 2: Gears and Gear Systems – Types and uses
  • Week 3: Transmission Systems – Belts, chains, shafts
  • Week 4: Bearings – Types and maintenance
  • Week 5: Technical Drawing – Oblique projection
  • Week 6: Technical Drawing – Sectional views
  • Week 7: ICT in Technology – Application in industries
  • Week 8: Road Safety Education – Traffic signs and rules
  • Week 9: Transportation Systems – Road, rail, air, and water
  • Week 10: Entrepreneurship in Basic Technology – Vocational opportunities
  • Week 11: Revision
  • Week 12: Examination
  • Week 13: Closing

JSS 3 Basic Technology

First Term (13 Weeks)

  • Week 1: Revision of JSS2 Work
  • Week 2: Technical Drawing – Freehand sketching
  • Week 3: Technical Drawing – Pictorial drawings
  • Week 4: Building Drawing – Floor plans and elevations
  • Week 5: Electrical Drawing – Symbols and circuit diagrams
  • Week 6: Electronic Devices – Diodes, transistors, capacitors
  • Week 7: Energy and Power – Generation and distribution in Nigeria
  • Week 8: Maintenance Culture – Importance and practices
  • Week 9: Career Opportunities in Basic Technology
  • Week 10: Entrepreneurship Skills in Basic Technology
  • Week 11: Revision
  • Week 12: Examination
  • Week 13: Closing

Second Term (13 Weeks)

  • Week 1: Motion – Types and examples
  • Week 2: Force – Types and effects
  • Week 3: Simple Machines – Efficiency and mechanical advantage
  • Week 4: Hydraulics and Pneumatics – Principles and uses
  • Week 5: Technical Drawing – Isometric projection
  • Week 6: Technical Drawing – Orthographic projection
  • Week 7: ICT in Technology – Applications in communication and business
  • Week 8: Electronics – Application in daily life
  • Week 9: Transportation and Communication Technology
  • Week 10: Review of Basic Electricity and Circuits
  • Week 11: Revision
  • Week 12: Examination
  • Week 13: Closing

Third Term (13 Weeks)

  • Week 1: Ecology and Technology – Relationship between technology and environment
  • Week 2: Climate Change and Technology – Effects and solutions
  • Week 3: Science, Technology, and Innovation in Nigeria
  • Week 4: Emerging Technologies – Robotics, AI, automation
  • Week 5: Space and Satellite Technology – Applications in Nigeria
  • Week 6: Road Safety – Causes and prevention of accidents
  • Week 7: Entrepreneurship in Technology – Small-scale enterprises
  • Week 8: Review of JSS1–3 Topics (BECE Prep)
  • Week 9: Review of JSS1–3 Topics (BECE Prep)
  • Week 10: Review of JSS1–3 Topics (BECE Prep)
  • Week 11: Revision (Mock BECE)
  • Week 12: Examination
  • Week 13: Closing


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