BIOLOGY LESSON NOTE ON HUMAN KIDNEY

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Lesson Note on the Human Kidney Topic: The Human Kidney Duration: 40 minutes Specific Objectives: By the end of the lesson, students should be able to: Define the kidney and state its location in the human body. Identify and describe the structure and functions of the kidney. Explain the processes involved in urine formation (filtration, reabsorption, and secretion). Describe how the kidney contributes to homeostasis. Identify common kidney-related diseases and how to prevent them. Evaluate the importance of maintaining kidney health. Lesson Content: 1. Introduction to the Human Kidney The kidneys are vital organs in the human body responsible for filtering waste from the blood and regulating water and electrolyte balance. They are part of the excretory system and play a crucial role in homeostasis. Location: The kidneys are located in the abdominal cavity, on either side of the spine, just below the rib cage. Each kidney is bean-shaped and about the size of a fi...
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BIOLOGY LESSON NOTE ON DECOMPOSERS

 TOPIC: Decomposers

MAIN AIM: To help the learner understand the concept of decomposing 

SUBSIDIARY AIM: By the end of the lesson, learners should be able to:

  1. Define Decomposers 
  2. List the Classes of decomposers
  3. Explain the Process of Decomposition
  4. State the Role of Decomposers in Ecosystem

PERSONAL AIM: To keep strictly to time allotted to each stage of the lesson.

TEACHING AIDS: Pictures of a decomposer

PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE: The students have learnt the concept of nutrient cycling in their previous lessons.

PROCEDURE: The teacher presents the lesson with the following steps.

INTRODUCTION: Displays the picture of a bacterium.

STEP 1: Definition of Decomposers

Decomposers are organism responsible for the breaking down of dead organic materials which could be of plant or animal origin. Example, bacteria and saprophytes

Picture of a decomposer showing fungi and bacterium

Pictures of Decomposers 

STEP: Classes of decomposers 

Micro decomposers: They are small microscopic organism that    can cause decay e.g certain bacteria and fungi.

Macro decomposers:  Decomposers are organism responsible for the breaking down of dead organic materials which could be of plant or animal origin. Example, bacteria and saprophytes

STEP 3: Process of Decomposition

The decomposers secrets enzymes onto their food source such as a decaying plant. These enzymes break down complex organic compounds (food) like carbohydrate and protein into simple soluble inorganic compound. The decomposer only absorbs small amount of nutrient and energy for their use. The rest is released into the soil, air and water. The nutrients released are used by plants to manufacture their food.

STEP 4: Role of Decomposers in Ecosystem

  1. Decomposers play major roles in the ecosystem in the following ways.
  2. They enrich the soil with nutrient required for plant growth.
  3. They contribute to environment pollution.
  4. Decomposition is useful in the making of cheese and yoghourt
  5. They allow the ecosystem to function by enabling the recycling of nutrients
  6. They also prevent an unsightly accumulation of remains and wastes of lying organisms on earth surface.

Evaluation 

  1. Define Decomposers 
  2. List the Classes of decomposers
  3. Explain the Process of Decomposition
  4. State the Role of Decomposers in Ecosystem

Conclusion: Decomposers are organism responsible for the breaking down of dead organic materials which could be of plant or animal origin. Example, bacteria and saprophytes.

Assignment

  1. Define decomposers
  2. Explain the process of decomposition

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