BIOLOGY LESSON NOTE ON HUMAN KIDNEY

Image
Lesson Note on the Human Kidney Topic: The Human Kidney Duration: 40 minutes Specific Objectives: By the end of the lesson, students should be able to: Define the kidney and state its location in the human body. Identify and describe the structure and functions of the kidney. Explain the processes involved in urine formation (filtration, reabsorption, and secretion). Describe how the kidney contributes to homeostasis. Identify common kidney-related diseases and how to prevent them. Evaluate the importance of maintaining kidney health. Lesson Content: 1. Introduction to the Human Kidney The kidneys are vital organs in the human body responsible for filtering waste from the blood and regulating water and electrolyte balance. They are part of the excretory system and play a crucial role in homeostasis. Location: The kidneys are located in the abdominal cavity, on either side of the spine, just below the rib cage. Each kidney is bean-shaped and about the size of a fi...
4 comments

WEEK I: TISSUES AND SUPPORTING SYSTEM

 TOPIC: Tissue and supporting system

TIME: 40 minutes 

MAIN AIM: To help the learners understand tissues and supporting system in the body

SUSIDIARY AIM: By the end of the lesson, learners should be able to;

  1. Define skeleton
  2. List and describe the forms of skeletons
  3. List and describe the types of skeleton 
  4. State the functions of supporting tissues

PERSONAL AIM: To keep strictly to time allotted to  each stage of the lesson

PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE: The learners know about skeleton from their previous lessons.

TEACHING AIDS: Research work from the internet, pictures and a model of human skeleton. 

PROCEDURE: The teacher present the lesson with the following steps 

STEP ONE: DEFINITION OF SKELETON

Skeleton is the rigid supporting system (the frame work) of the body of a living organism which gives support and shape to the body.


STEP TWO: FORMS OF SKELETON

Bones:  bones consist of a living bone cell called osteocytes, protein fibers called collagen and minerals which are mainly of calcium.

Cuticle: Cuticle is an exoskeleton which is located externally on the body of animals. It  is composed of protein called chitin  and a thin waterproof layer of wax.  examples of organisms with this kind of body structure are mainly arthropods , examples insects, crab, scorpion, prawn, and crayfish.

Fluid: This type of skeleton is mainly found in earthworm

Carapace:  carapace is found in snails e.g. shell 

Cartilages: A cartilage is a tissue found in the skeleton of complex vertebrate. Examples of organism which possesses cartilage are shark, mammals  

STEP THREE: TYPES OF SKELETONS

Hydrostatic skeleton: is a type of skeleton possessed by soft bodied animals. it is made of fluid e.g. earthworm 

Exoskeleton:  is a type of skeleton which is found outside or external part of the body of some animals   e.g. chitin found in cockroach 

Endoskeleton: is the type of skeleton which is found inside the body of the animals e.g. Bones found in man

STEP FOUR: Functions of supporting tissues

1.Protection e.g. organ such as Brain, Lungs, Heart e.t.c  

2. Movement: Making movement possible

 3. Support: Mechanical support for the organs 

4. Attachment: Muscles are attached to the bones 

5. Shape: It gives shape and form to the body 

6. Production of red blood cell in bone marrows 

7. Breathing: Aids breathing in higher organisms 

8. Mineral storage such as calcium and phosphorous are stored in the bones

EVALUATION: 

Define skeleton

List the forms of skeletons

List the types of skeleton 

State the functions of supporting tissues

CONCLUSION: The teacher concludes the lesson by summarizing the topic from the beginning and give assignment to the learner.

ASSIGNMENT: 

Class work

Define skeleton

Name the forms of skeleton 

Home work

Draw the human skeleton in your note





Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

CHEMISTRY LESSON NOTE FOR SS1, SS2 AND SS3 pdf

Senior Secondary School 1 (SS1) Chemistry Scheme of Work First Term Introduction to Chemistry – Definition, history, branches, and importance. Chemical Industries and Laboratory Apparatus – Common apparatus and their uses. Nature of Matter – States, properties, changes of state. Separation Techniques – Filtration, distillation, sublimation, chromatography. Atomic Structure – Structure of the atom, subatomic particles. Periodic Table – Groups, periods, and periodicity. Chemical Combination – Laws of chemical combination. Acids, Bases, and Salts – Definitions, examples, and properties. Chemical Symbols, Formulae, and Equations – Writing symbols, formulae, balancing equations. Quantitative and Qualitative Analysis (Introduction) – Basic concepts. Revision Examination Closing Second Term Mole Concept and Stoichiometry – Mole, molar mass, Avogadro’s number. Percentage Composition and Empirical Formula – Calculations. Gas Laws – Boyle’s law, Charles’ law, ide...
Read more

WEEK 2: PEST AND DISEASES OF CROPS

TOPIC: Pest and disease of crops MAIN AIM: To help the learners know about pest and disease of crops SUSIDIARY AIM: By the end of the lesson, learner should be able to; Define pest. Classify pests based on the parts of crops they attack and their animal types. Explain the life cycles of some pests. Discuss methods of pest control. PERSONAL AIM: To keep strictly to time allotted to  each stage of the lesson PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE: The learners know about pest from experience TEACHING AIDS: Research work from the internet, pictures PROCEDURE: The teacher present the lesson with the following steps STEP ONE: PEST  A pest can be defined as any animal (or plant) which causes damage to crops or livestock thereby reducing their yields and economic values. Pests are living organisms which may bite, destroy food crops, damage property or otherwise make lives more difficult. STEP TWO: Classification of Pests Pests can be classified based on; The part of crops/plants they attack The type...
Read more

PHYSICS LESSON NOTE FOR SS1 SS2 AND SS3

Week: one INTRODUCTION TO PHYSISCS Physics is a branch of science that deals with the study of matter in relation to energy. The branches of Physics are: Mechanics, Light, Electricity, Waves, Magnetism, Atomic Physics, Electromagnetism, Dynamics, Heat, Sound etc. CONCEPT OF MATTER Matter is anything that has mass or weight and occupies space. The idea that matter is made up of minute particles called atom dated back to the ancient Greek. Atom is the smallest indivisible Particle of an element which can take part in a chemical change. It consists of proton, neutron and electron. Proton is positively charged, neutron is neutral and electron is negatively charged Matter can exist in three states- Solids, Liquids and Gases SOLIDS: The molecules of solids are closely packed together. They have definite shape and volume LIQUIDS: Its molecule are freer than that of solid, they have definite volume but no definite shape GASES: The cohesive force binding the gases molecules together is...
Read more