BIOLOGY LESSON NOTE ON CROP PROPAGATION

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Topic: Crop Propagation Class: Senior Secondary School 2 (SS2) Subject: Biology Specific Objectives By the end of this lesson, students should be able to: Define crop propagation. Differentiate between sexual and asexual propagation. Identify and explain various methods of crop propagation. Highlight the advantages and disadvantages of each method. Recognize common examples of crops propagated using each method. Lesson Content 1. Meaning of Crop Propagation Crop propagation refers to the process by which plants reproduce or are reproduced to give rise to new plants. This can occur naturally or be carried out artificially by farmers or agricultural scientists. It is a vital practice in agriculture that ensures the continuous production of food and other plant-based resources. 2. Types of Crop Propagation Crop propagation is broadly categorized into two main types: Sexual Propagation (Seed Propagation) Asexual Propagation (Vegetative Propagation) 3. Sexual Propa...
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WEEK 2: VERTEBRATE SKELETON

TOPIC: VERTEBRATE SKELETON
MAIN AIM: To help the learners understand tissues and supporting system in the body
SUSIDIARY AIM: By the end of the lesson, learners should be able to;
  1. Explain verterbrate skeleton
  2. Explain the axial skeleton
  3. Explain the appendicular skeleton
PERSONAL AIM: To keep strictly to time allotted to  each stage of the lesson
PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE: The learners know about skeleton from their previous lessons.
TEACHING AIDS: Research work from the internet, pictures and a model of human skeleton.
PROCEDURE: The teacher present the lesson with the following steps
STEP ONE: VERTEBRATE SKELETONS
The vertebrate skeleton is found in vertebrate animals. Animals with back bone. Example man, rat, lizard, cattle, etc . This is of two parts
  1. Axial Skeleton
  2. Appendicular skeleton
STEP TWO: AXIAL SKELETON
AXIAL SKELETON consists of the skull, ribs, sternum and the vertebral column.
The vertebrate column is the central supporting structure of the skeleton. it is made up of five group of bones called vertebrae in mammals which is 33 in number. The five groups of bones include 
1. Cervical vertebrae are made up of two bones Atlas and Axis. They work together to bring about the“rotation of the head.
2. Thoracic vertebrae
 3. Lumbar vertebrae
4. Sacral vertebrae
5. Caudal vertebrae

                                                


STEP THREE: APPENDICULAR SKELETON
  1. it is made up of limb girdles (pectoral and pelvic girdles),
  2. The limbs (the fore and hind limbs).
EVALUATION:
  1. explain the vertebrate skeletons
  2. Explain the axial skeleton
  3. Explain the appendicular skeleton
CONCLUSION: The teacher concludes the lessson by summarizing the topic from the beginning and gave assigment to the learner.
ASSIGNMENT:
Class work
  1. Name the two forms of vertebrate skeleton
  2. List the components of the axial skeleton
Home work
Draw the vertebral column in your note

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