JAMB CBT PRACTICE TEST

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BIOLOGY LESSON NOTE ON HUMAN KIDNEY

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Lesson Note on the Human Kidney Topic: The Human Kidney Duration: 40 minutes Specific Objectives: By the end of the lesson, students should be able to: Define the kidney and state its location in the human body. Identify and describe the structure and functions of the kidney. Explain the processes involved in urine formation (filtration, reabsorption, and secretion). Describe how the kidney contributes to homeostasis. Identify common kidney-related diseases and how to prevent them. Evaluate the importance of maintaining kidney health. Lesson Content: 1. Introduction to the Human Kidney The kidneys are vital organs in the human body responsible for filtering waste from the blood and regulating water and electrolyte balance. They are part of the excretory system and play a crucial role in homeostasis. Location: The kidneys are located in the abdominal cavity, on either side of the spine, just below the rib cage. Each kidney is bean-shaped and about the size of a fi...
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JAMB Agricultural Science Past Questions and Answers (CBT Practice)

Introduction

Agricultural Science is an important subject in JAMB for students pursuing Agriculture, Veterinary Medicine, Forestry, Fisheries, Animal Science, and related courses. The subject covers crop production, animal husbandry, soil science, agricultural economics, agricultural engineering, forestry, fisheries, and agricultural extension. To score high in JAMB Agricultural Science, students should understand key concepts, scientific principles, and practical applications in agriculture. This CBT practice contains 100 JAMB-standard objective questions with properly shuffled options A–D and correct answers.

OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS

Instruction: Choose the correct option A–D.

1–25: General Agriculture

  1. Agriculture is the science and art of
    A. mining minerals B. cultivating crops and rearing animals C. constructing roads D. manufacturing vehicles
    Answer: B

  2. The branch of agriculture concerned with crop production is
    A. Agronomy B. Fisheries C. Forestry D. Animal Science
    Answer: A

  3. Subsistence farming is mainly practiced for
    A. export purposes B. family consumption C. industrial use D. commercial profit only
    Answer: B

  4. Commercial agriculture is carried out mainly for
    A. recreation B. profit making C. family use only D. research only
    Answer: B

  5. Mixed farming involves
    A. crop production only B. animal production only C. crop and livestock production together D. fishing only
    Answer: C

  6. The practice of growing one crop on a large area is called
    A. mixed cropping B. mono-cropping C. crop rotation D. relay cropping
    Answer: B

  7. The cultivation of different crops on the same land at the same time is
    A. mixed cropping B. mono-cropping C. bush fallowing D. irrigation
    Answer: A

  8. Crop rotation helps to
    A. increase erosion B. maintain soil fertility C. reduce yield D. destroy soil structure
    Answer: B

  9. Bush fallowing is a method of
    A. soil conservation B. irrigation C. harvesting D. processing
    Answer: A

  10. Mechanized farming involves the use of
    A. animals only B. machines C. hand tools only D. chemicals only
    Answer: B

  11. An example of a cash crop is
    A. yam B. cocoa C. cassava D. maize
    Answer: B

  12. An example of a food crop is
    A. rubber B. cocoa C. cassava D. cotton
    Answer: C

  13. The main aim of agriculture is to provide
    A. minerals B. food and raw materials C. roads D. vehicles
    Answer: B

  14. Farm records are important because they
    A. waste time B. aid decision-making C. reduce production D. increase pests
    Answer: B

  15. Farm surveying is used to determine
    A. animal weight B. land boundaries and measurements C. crop diseases D. fertilizer types
    Answer: B

  16. The factor of production rewarded with rent is
    A. labour B. land C. capital D. management
    Answer: B

  17. The reward for labour is
    A. wages B. profit C. rent D. interest
    Answer: A

  18. Agricultural economics deals with
    A. efficient use of farm resources B. weather forecasting only C. soil formation only D. animal diseases only
    Answer: A

  19. Farm management is concerned with
    A. planning and organizing farm activities B. soil testing only C. fish production only D. forestry only
    Answer: A

  20. Extension services help farmers through
    A. taxation B. education and advisory services C. legislation D. importation
    Answer: B

  21. The Nigerian economy benefits from agriculture through
    A. employment generation B. foreign exchange earnings C. food supply D. all of the above
    Answer: D

  22. The process of transferring farm innovations to farmers is called
    A. extension education B. irrigation C. mechanization D. processing
    Answer: A

  23. A large-scale farm is characterized by
    A. low capital investment B. high capital investment C. family labour only D. low output
    Answer: B

  24. The oldest occupation of man is
    A. teaching B. agriculture C. medicine D. engineering
    Answer: B

  25. One major problem facing agriculture in Nigeria is
    A. adequate capital B. poor storage facilities C. fertile soil everywhere D. abundant machinery
    Answer: B

26–50: Soil Science and Crop Production

  1. Soil is formed through the process of
    A. weathering B. harvesting C. germination D. pollination
    Answer: A

  2. The topmost layer of soil is called
    A. subsoil B. topsoil C. bedrock D. parent rock
    Answer: B

  3. Soil fertility refers to the ability of soil to
    A. hold stones B. support plant growth C. retain pests D. reduce yields
    Answer: B

  4. The three main soil particles are
    A. sand, silt and clay B. sand, gravel and stone C. clay, rocks and pebbles D. loam, stone and gravel
    Answer: A

  5. Soil with the highest water-holding capacity is
    A. sandy soil B. clay soil C. loamy soil D. gravel soil
    Answer: B

  6. The best soil for agriculture is generally
    A. sandy soil B. loamy soil C. gravel soil D. stony soil
    Answer: B

  7. Soil erosion is the removal of
    A. rocks only B. topsoil by agents such as water and wind C. crops only D. fertilizers only
    Answer: B

  8. Mulching helps to
    A. conserve soil moisture B. increase erosion C. reduce fertility D. destroy crops
    Answer: A

  9. Organic manure includes
    A. compost B. NPK fertilizer C. urea D. ammonium sulphate
    Answer: A

  10. Green manure is obtained from
    A. decomposed plants B. animal bones C. chemicals D. minerals
    Answer: A

  11. Germination is the process by which a seed
    A. dries up B. begins to grow into a seedling C. becomes dormant D. dies
    Answer: B

  12. Pollination is the transfer of pollen grains from
    A. stigma to ovary B. anther to stigma C. ovary to stigma D. root to shoot
    Answer: B

  13. Fertilization in plants is the fusion of
    A. roots and stems B. male and female gametes C. leaves and flowers D. pollen and leaves
    Answer: B

  14. Weeds are plants that
    A. are always useful B. grow where they are not wanted C. improve yields only D. prevent competition
    Answer: B

  15. Herbicides are chemicals used to control
    A. insects B. weeds C. fungi D. rodents
    Answer: B

  16. The process of removing unwanted plants from a farm is
    A. harvesting B. weeding C. tilling D. irrigation
    Answer: B

  17. Irrigation is the artificial supply of
    A. fertilizer B. water to crops C. seeds D. pesticides
    Answer: B

  18. The process of gathering mature crops is called
    A. harvesting B. germination C. tillage D. planting
    Answer: A

  19. Crop pests cause
    A. increased yield B. damage to crops C. soil formation D. pollination
    Answer: B

  20. An example of a cereal crop is
    A. maize B. cocoa C. rubber D. cotton
    Answer: A

  21. An example of a leguminous crop is
    A. rice B. cowpea C. millet D. maize
    Answer: B

  22. Legumes improve soil fertility through
    A. nitrogen fixation B. erosion C. leaching D. weathering
    Answer: A

  23. Nursery beds are used for
    A. raising seedlings B. storing produce C. keeping animals D. drying grains
    Answer: A

  24. Transplanting is common in the cultivation of
    A. rice and tomatoes B. cocoa only C. cotton only D. rubber only
    Answer: A

  25. Crop yield refers to
    A. amount harvested per unit area B. cost of production C. market price D. storage capacity
    Answer: A

51–100: Animal Husbandry, Fisheries, Forestry and Agricultural Engineering

  1. Animal husbandry is concerned with the
    A. care and management of livestock B. cultivation of crops C. management of forests D. fish processing
    Answer: A

  2. Livestock includes
    A. cattle, sheep and goats B. maize and rice C. timber trees D. fish ponds only
    Answer: A

  3. A mature female cattle is called a
    A. bull B. cow C. ram D. buck
    Answer: B

  4. A mature male sheep is called a
    A. buck B. ram C. bull D. stallion
    Answer: B

  5. A mature male goat is called a
    A. ram B. buck C. bull D. boar
    Answer: B

  6. Poultry refers to domesticated
    A. birds B. cattle C. fish D. goats
    Answer: A

  7. Broilers are reared mainly for
    A. eggs B. meat production C. breeding only D. feathers only
    Answer: B

  8. Layers are kept mainly for
    A. egg production B. meat only C. draught power D. wool production
    Answer: A

  9. A balanced ration contains
    A. one nutrient only B. all essential nutrients in proper proportions C. proteins only D. carbohydrates only
    Answer: B

  10. The process of giving birth in cattle is called
    A. kidding B. calving C. lambing D. farrowing
    Answer: B

  11. Kidding occurs in
    A. goats B. sheep C. cattle D. pigs
    Answer: A

  12. The stomach of a ruminant has
    A. two chambers B. four chambers C. one chamber D. three chambers
    Answer: B

  13. Examples of ruminants include
    A. cattle and goats B. pigs and poultry C. rabbits and poultry D. fish and snails
    Answer: A

  14. Vaccination helps to
    A. spread diseases B. prevent diseases C. increase pests D. reduce fertility
    Answer: B

  15. Foot-and-mouth disease affects mainly
    A. livestock B. crops C. forests D. fish
    Answer: A

  16. Fisheries deals with the
    A. production and management of fish B. crop production C. forestry only D. livestock only
    Answer: A

  17. Aquaculture refers to
    A. fish farming B. poultry farming C. forestry D. crop farming
    Answer: A

  18. A fish pond is used for
    A. raising fish B. storing crops C. grazing animals D. processing food
    Answer: A

  19. Tilapia is an example of
    A. fish B. bird C. reptile D. mammal
    Answer: A

  20. Forestry is concerned with the
    A. management of forests B. fish farming C. poultry production D. crop processing
    Answer: A

  21. The main product obtained from forests is
    A. timber B. milk C. eggs D. fish
    Answer: A

  22. Afforestation means
    A. planting trees where none existed before B. cutting down trees C. harvesting crops D. grazing animals
    Answer: A

  23. Deforestation refers to
    A. destruction of forests B. fish farming C. tree planting D. irrigation
    Answer: A

  24. Agricultural engineering involves the application of
    A. engineering principles to agriculture B. biology only C. chemistry only D. geography only
    Answer: A

  25. A tractor is mainly used for
    A. land preparation B. vaccination C. irrigation only D. fish harvesting
    Answer: A

  26. A plough is used for
    A. primary tillage B. harvesting C. spraying D. irrigation
    Answer: A

  27. Harrows are used for
    A. breaking soil clods B. harvesting maize C. planting seeds D. spraying chemicals
    Answer: A

  28. A knapsack sprayer is used for applying
    A. pesticides B. seeds C. grains D. timber
    Answer: A

  29. Farm tools should be maintained to
    A. increase durability B. increase rusting C. reduce efficiency D. waste resources
    Answer: A

  30. Agricultural mechanization increases
    A. efficiency and productivity B. labour requirement only C. erosion only D. pests only
    Answer: A

  31. Farm power may come from
    A. humans B. animals C. machines D. all of the above
    Answer: D

  32. A cutlass is commonly used for
    A. clearing vegetation B. milking cows C. fishing D. spraying chemicals
    Answer: A

  33. A hoe is mainly used for
    A. tilling soil B. harvesting fish C. transporting goods D. storing crops
    Answer: A

  34. A wheelbarrow is used for
    A. transporting materials on the farm B. ploughing C. spraying D. planting
    Answer: A

  35. Farm structures include
    A. barns and silos B. tractors and ploughs C. fertilizers and manure D. crops and weeds
    Answer: A

  36. A silo is used for storing
    A. grains B. livestock C. fish D. timber
    Answer: A

  37. Agricultural credit helps farmers obtain
    A. capital B. pests C. diseases D. weeds
    Answer: A

  38. Cooperative societies help farmers through
    A. loans and support services B. disease spread C. erosion D. taxation
    Answer: A

  39. Marketing of agricultural products involves
    A. buying and selling farm produce B. cultivation only C. harvesting only D. irrigation only
    Answer: A

  40. Farm profit equals
    A. total revenue minus total cost B. total cost minus revenue C. revenue plus cost D. expenditure only
    Answer: A

  41. Agricultural extension agents act as
    A. links between research and farmers B. traders only C. transporters only D. veterinarians only
    Answer: A

  42. Animal breeding aims at
    A. improving livestock quality B. increasing diseases C. reducing productivity D. destroying breeds
    Answer: A

  43. Artificial insemination involves
    A. introducing semen into the female reproductive tract artificially B. natural mating only C. vaccination D. dehorning
    Answer: A

  44. Dehorning is carried out mainly for
    A. safety and management B. feeding animals C. reproduction D. vaccination
    Answer: A

  45. Castration involves the removal of the
    A. testes B. horns C. hooves D. teeth
    Answer: A

  46. Ranching is the rearing of livestock on
    A. large enclosed land B. fish ponds C. forests D. rivers
    Answer: A

  47. Soil conservation aims to
    A. prevent soil degradation B. increase erosion C. reduce fertility D. destroy vegetation
    Answer: A

  48. Sustainable agriculture promotes
    A. long-term productivity B. resource wastage C. environmental destruction D. excessive pollution
    Answer: A

  49. One major importance of agriculture is
    A. food production B. employment creation C. raw material supply D. all of the above
    Answer: D

  50. Agriculture remains important because it provides
    A. food, income and employment B. entertainment only C. transportation only D. taxation only
    Answer: A

EXAM SUCCESS TIPS

  • Study crop production and soil science thoroughly.
  • Master animal husbandry and livestock management.
  • Learn agricultural tools, machinery, and their uses.
  • Understand fisheries and forestry concepts.
  • Practice identifying farm structures and equipment.
  • Revise agricultural economics and farm management.
  • Know common crop and animal diseases.
  • Practice past JAMB CBT questions regularly.
  • Focus on definitions and practical applications.
  • Take timed CBT practice tests before the examination.

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