JAMB CBT PRACTICE TEST

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BIOLOGY LESSON NOTE ON HUMAN KIDNEY

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Lesson Note on the Human Kidney Topic: The Human Kidney Duration: 40 minutes Specific Objectives: By the end of the lesson, students should be able to: Define the kidney and state its location in the human body. Identify and describe the structure and functions of the kidney. Explain the processes involved in urine formation (filtration, reabsorption, and secretion). Describe how the kidney contributes to homeostasis. Identify common kidney-related diseases and how to prevent them. Evaluate the importance of maintaining kidney health. Lesson Content: 1. Introduction to the Human Kidney The kidneys are vital organs in the human body responsible for filtering waste from the blood and regulating water and electrolyte balance. They are part of the excretory system and play a crucial role in homeostasis. Location: The kidneys are located in the abdominal cavity, on either side of the spine, just below the rib cage. Each kidney is bean-shaped and about the size of a fi...
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NECO Agricultural Science Past Questions and Answers

 

Introduction

Agricultural Science is a practical subject in the NECO Senior School Certificate Examination (SSCE). It deals with the cultivation of crops, rearing of animals, soil management, farm tools, and agricultural economics. The subject helps students understand how food is produced and how farming systems support human life. Success in Agricultural Science requires understanding concepts, memorizing key facts, and practicing objective questions regularly. This set contains 100 NECO-standard objective questions with well-distributed answers across options A–D.

OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS

Instruction: Choose the correct option A–D.

1–25: Basic Agriculture and Soil Science

  1. Agriculture is the
    A. study of animals only B. cultivation of crops and rearing of animals C. study of rocks D. study of weather only
    Answer: B

  2. The branch of agriculture that deals with crops is
    A. animal husbandry B. agronomy C. forestry D. aquaculture
    Answer: B

  3. The branch that deals with animals is
    A. agronomy B. horticulture C. animal husbandry D. geology
    Answer: C

  4. Soil is formed from
    A. plants only B. rocks C. animals D. air
    Answer: B

  5. The uppermost layer of soil is
    A. subsoil B. bedrock C. topsoil D. parent material
    Answer: C

  6. Soil fertility means
    A. soil color B. ability of soil to support plant growth C. soil depth only D. soil temperature
    Answer: B

  7. The smallest soil particles are
    A. sand B. clay C. gravel D. silt
    Answer: B

  8. The largest soil particles are
    A. clay B. silt C. sand D. humus
    Answer: C

  9. Humus is
    A. living organism B. decayed organic matter C. rock material D. water
    Answer: B

  10. Soil pH measures
    A. temperature B. acidity or alkalinity C. texture D. color
    Answer: B

  11. Acidic soil has pH
    A. above 7 B. below 7 C. equal 7 D. above 14
    Answer: B

  12. Neutral soil has pH
    A. 5 B. 7 C. 9 D. 3
    Answer: B

  13. Fertilizers are used to
    A. destroy soil B. improve soil fertility C. reduce rainfall D. kill plants
    Answer: B

  14. Organic fertilizer is
    A. urea B. compost C. NPK D. ammonium sulfate
    Answer: B

  15. Inorganic fertilizer is
    A. manure B. compost C. NPK D. leaves
    Answer: C

  16. Erosion is the
    A. growth of plants B. removal of topsoil C. planting of crops D. watering of soil
    Answer: B

  17. Wind erosion is common in
    A. forest areas B. desert areas C. river valleys D. swamps
    Answer: B

  18. Water erosion is caused by
    A. sunlight B. rainfall C. wind only D. temperature
    Answer: B

  19. One method of soil conservation is
    A. deforestation B. overgrazing C. contour farming D. burning bushes
    Answer: C

  20. Crop rotation helps to
    A. reduce soil fertility B. maintain soil fertility C. destroy crops D. increase erosion
    Answer: B

  21. Irrigation means
    A. removal of water B. artificial supply of water to crops C. planting seeds D. harvesting crops
    Answer: B

  22. Drainage is used to
    A. add water to soil B. remove excess water from soil C. increase pests D. reduce air
    Answer: B

  23. Mulching helps to
    A. increase evaporation B. conserve soil moisture C. reduce plant growth D. harden soil
    Answer: B

  24. A good soil must have
    A. no air B. no water C. air, water and nutrients D. only sand
    Answer: C

  25. Loamy soil is best for farming because it has
    A. only sand B. balanced mixture C. only clay D. no nutrients
    Answer: B

26–50: Crop Production and Plant Science

  1. A crop is
    A. animal feed B. plant grown for use C. soil type D. fertilizer
    Answer: B

  2. Examples of cereal crops include
    A. yam and cassava B. maize and rice C. beans and peas D. cocoa and coffee
    Answer: B

  3. Leguminous crops are rich in
    A. carbohydrates B. proteins C. vitamins only D. fats only
    Answer: B

  4. The process of planting seeds is
    A. harvesting B. sowing C. weeding D. pruning
    Answer: B

  5. Germination is
    A. seed death B. sprouting of seed C. harvesting crops D. drying seeds
    Answer: B

  6. Photosynthesis occurs in
    A. roots B. leaves C. stem only D. flowers
    Answer: B

  7. Chlorophyll is found in
    A. roots B. leaves C. soil D. fruits
    Answer: B

  8. The function of root is
    A. photosynthesis B. absorption of water C. reproduction D. pollination
    Answer: B

  9. The function of stem is
    A. absorption only B. support and transport C. reproduction D. digestion
    Answer: B

  10. Flower is responsible for
    A. photosynthesis B. reproduction C. respiration D. storage
    Answer: B

  11. Pollination is transfer of pollen from
    A. root to leaf B. anther to stigma C. leaf to stem D. fruit to seed
    Answer: B

  12. Fertilization occurs when
    A. pollen falls B. male and female gametes fuse C. seed dries D. leaf grows
    Answer: B

  13. Fruit protects the
    A. leaf B. seed C. root D. stem
    Answer: B

  14. Weed is
    A. useful crop B. unwanted plant C. fruit D. fertilizer
    Answer: B

  15. Weeding removes
    A. crops B. weeds C. water D. soil
    Answer: B

  16. Pest is
    A. useful insect B. harmful organism C. plant only D. fertilizer
    Answer: B

  17. Disease in crops is caused by
    A. sunlight B. pathogens C. fertilizer D. irrigation
    Answer: B

  18. Fungicide kills
    A. bacteria B. fungi C. insects D. weeds
    Answer: B

  19. Herbicide kills
    A. insects B. weeds C. fungi D. bacteria
    Answer: B

  20. Insecticide kills
    A. insects B. weeds C. plants D. soil
    Answer: A

  21. A tool used for digging is
    A. cutlass B. hoe C. rake D. wheelbarrow
    Answer: B

  22. Cutlass is used for
    A. ploughing B. clearing bushes C. watering D. harvesting only
    Answer: B

  23. Tractor is a
    A. hand tool B. machine C. crop D. fertilizer
    Answer: B

  24. Harvesting is
    A. planting seeds B. gathering mature crops C. watering crops D. weeding
    Answer: B

  25. Storage of crops prevents
    A. growth B. spoilage C. planting D. irrigation
    Answer: B

51–75: Animal Husbandry and Farm Management

  1. Animal husbandry is
    A. crop production B. rearing of animals C. soil study D. fishing only
    Answer: B

  2. Cattle are reared for
    A. only meat B. milk and meat C. only eggs D. timber
    Answer: B

  3. Poultry includes
    A. goats B. chickens C. cows D. sheep
    Answer: B

  4. Fish farming is called
    A. forestry B. aquaculture C. horticulture D. agronomy
    Answer: B

  5. A ruminant animal is
    A. goat B. chicken C. fish D. rabbit
    Answer: A

  6. Animals that chew cud are
    A. carnivores B. ruminants C. insects D. reptiles
    Answer: B

  7. Feed for animals is called
    A. manure B. fodder C. fertilizer D. pesticide
    Answer: B

  8. Protein in animal feed helps
    A. growth B. soil fertility C. water supply D. erosion
    Answer: A

  9. Disease in animals is treated with
    A. pesticide B. drugs C. fertilizer D. herbicide
    Answer: B

  10. Vaccination prevents
    A. growth B. diseases C. planting D. harvesting
    Answer: B

  11. Livestock refers to
    A. crops B. farm animals C. soil D. tools
    Answer: B

  12. A barn is used to
    A. store crops B. house animals C. store water D. plant seeds
    Answer: B

  13. Incubation is done for
    A. plants B. eggs C. soil D. crops
    Answer: B

  14. Broiler chickens are reared for
    A. eggs only B. meat C. wool D. milk
    Answer: B

  15. Layer chickens are for
    A. meat B. eggs C. milk D. transport
    Answer: B

  16. Manure is
    A. chemical fertilizer B. animal waste used in farming C. pesticide D. crop seed
    Answer: B

  17. Green manure comes from
    A. animals B. plants C. rocks D. water
    Answer: B

  18. Farm record helps in
    A. waste B. management C. destruction D. pollution
    Answer: B

  19. Farm budgeting is
    A. waste planning B. financial planning C. soil study D. crop harvesting
    Answer: B

  20. Marketing in agriculture involves
    A. growing crops only B. selling farm produce C. watering crops D. planting seeds
    Answer: B

  21. Cooperative farming is
    A. individual farming B. group farming C. fishing only D. mining
    Answer: B

  22. Subsistence farming is
    A. commercial farming B. farming for family use C. industrial farming D. export farming
    Answer: B

  23. Commercial farming is
    A. for sale B. for family only C. for decoration D. for study only
    Answer: A

  24. Agricultural extension helps farmers by
    A. ignoring them B. teaching improved methods C. reducing farming D. stopping farming
    Answer: B

  25. Mechanized farming uses
    A. only hand tools B. machines C. animals only D. water only
    Answer: B

76–100: Mixed Revision

  1. Forestry deals with
    A. animals B. trees and forests C. fish D. soil only
    Answer: B

  2. Fish is preserved by
    A. planting B. smoking C. watering D. fertilizing
    Answer: B

  3. Curing crops helps to
    A. spoil them B. preserve them C. plant them D. weed them
    Answer: B

  4. Irrigation farming is common in
    A. desert areas B. forests C. mountains only D. rivers only
    Answer: A

  5. Rainfall is a factor of
    A. soil only B. climate C. animals D. tools
    Answer: B

  6. Climate includes
    A. soil only B. rainfall and temperature C. crops only D. animals only
    Answer: B

  7. Wind helps in
    A. erosion only B. pollination and erosion C. planting only D. harvesting
    Answer: B

  8. Sunlight is needed for
    A. photosynthesis B. erosion C. pollution D. harvesting
    Answer: A

  9. Fertile soil contains
    A. nutrients B. rocks only C. plastic D. metal
    Answer: A

  10. Compost is made from
    A. chemicals B. decayed organic matter C. plastic D. metal
    Answer: B

  11. Tillage is
    A. planting seeds B. soil preparation C. harvesting D. selling crops
    Answer: B

  12. Ploughing helps to
    A. compact soil B. loosen soil C. destroy crops D. reduce water
    Answer: B

  13. Harrowing breaks
    A. seeds B. soil clods C. plants D. fruits
    Answer: B

  14. Ridging is used to
    A. plant seeds on flat land B. form mounds for planting C. destroy soil D. flood farm
    Answer: B

  15. Irrigation increases
    A. drought B. crop yield C. erosion D. pollution
    Answer: B

  16. Overgrazing leads to
    A. soil fertility B. desertification C. irrigation D. planting
    Answer: B

  17. Desertification is
    A. increase in vegetation B. spreading of desert C. farming system D. irrigation method
    Answer: B

  18. Crop yield means
    A. number of tools B. amount harvested C. soil type D. rainfall level
    Answer: B

  19. Harvesting time depends on
    A. soil color B. maturity of crops C. rainfall only D. animals
    Answer: B

  20. Storage pests attack
    A. humans B. stored crops C. soil D. water
    Answer: B

  21. Rodents are
    A. insects B. crop pests C. fertilizers D. crops
    Answer: B

  22. Pest control helps to
    A. reduce yield B. increase production C. destroy crops D. reduce soil
    Answer: B

  23. Organic farming avoids
    A. water B. chemicals C. sunlight D. soil
    Answer: B

  24. Sustainable agriculture means
    A. destroying soil B. farming without harming environment C. mining D. deforestation
    Answer: B

  25. Agriculture is important because it provides
    A. transport B. food C. fuel only D. metals
    Answer: B

EXAM SUCCESS TIPS

  • Learn basic farming terms and tools
  • Understand soil types and fertility
  • Study crop and animal production systems
  • Memorize pests and diseases control methods
  • Practice agricultural diagrams
  • Revise farm management and economics
  • Learn irrigation and soil conservation methods
  • Practice past NECO questions regularly
  • Understand both theory and practical concepts
  • Stay consistent with revision and practice

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