JAMB CBT PRACTICE TEST

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BIOLOGY LESSON NOTE ON HUMAN KIDNEY

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Lesson Note on the Human Kidney Topic: The Human Kidney Duration: 40 minutes Specific Objectives: By the end of the lesson, students should be able to: Define the kidney and state its location in the human body. Identify and describe the structure and functions of the kidney. Explain the processes involved in urine formation (filtration, reabsorption, and secretion). Describe how the kidney contributes to homeostasis. Identify common kidney-related diseases and how to prevent them. Evaluate the importance of maintaining kidney health. Lesson Content: 1. Introduction to the Human Kidney The kidneys are vital organs in the human body responsible for filtering waste from the blood and regulating water and electrolyte balance. They are part of the excretory system and play a crucial role in homeostasis. Location: The kidneys are located in the abdominal cavity, on either side of the spine, just below the rib cage. Each kidney is bean-shaped and about the size of a fi...
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JAMB Civic Education Past Questions and Answers (CBT Practice)

Introduction

Civic Education is an important subject in JAMB that teaches students about citizenship, democracy, human rights, national values, leadership, governance, political participation, and responsible behavior in society. Understanding Civic Education helps students become responsible citizens and contributes to national development. This CBT practice contains 100 JAMB-standard objective questions with properly shuffled options A–D and correct answers.

OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS

Instruction: Choose the correct option A–D.

1–25: Citizenship and National Values

  1. Citizenship refers to the A. ownership of property only B. legal membership of a state C. payment of taxes only D. occupation of a person
    Answer: B

  2. A citizen by birth acquires citizenship through A. registration B. naturalization C. birth D. marriage
    Answer: C

  3. One major duty of a citizen is to A. obey the law B. avoid education C. reject government authority D. evade taxes
    Answer: A

  4. National values include A. indiscipline B. honesty C. corruption D. violence
    Answer: B

  5. Patriotism means A. hatred for one's country B. loyalty and devotion to one's country C. support for corruption D. political rivalry
    Answer: B

  6. The willingness to sacrifice for one's nation is called A. patriotism B. favoritism C. tribalism D. ethnicity
    Answer: A

  7. Integrity means A. dishonesty B. moral uprightness C. selfishness D. oppression
    Answer: B

  8. Discipline is the ability to A. obey rules and regulations B. break laws C. ignore authority D. avoid responsibility
    Answer: A

  9. One effect of indiscipline is A. national development B. social disorder C. unity D. progress
    Answer: B

  10. Respect for constituted authority promotes A. lawlessness B. orderliness C. corruption D. conflict
    Answer: B

  11. A responsible citizen should A. destroy public property B. protect public property C. steal public funds D. avoid civic duties
    Answer: B

  12. Civic responsibility refers to A. obligations owed to society B. ownership of land C. political office only D. military service only
    Answer: A

  13. The green-white-green flag symbolizes A. religion B. Nigeria C. Africa D. ECOWAS
    Answer: B

  14. National consciousness promotes A. national unity B. tribal conflict C. discrimination D. corruption
    Answer: A

  15. Tolerance means A. accepting differences peacefully B. rejecting others C. creating violence D. promoting hatred
    Answer: A

  16. Cooperation is necessary for A. social progress B. conflict C. instability D. division
    Answer: A

  17. Civic Education helps to develop A. responsible citizens B. criminals C. rebels D. dictators
    Answer: A

  18. A good citizen participates in A. national development B. corruption C. election malpractice D. violence
    Answer: A

  19. Community service promotes A. selfishness B. social responsibility C. crime D. disunity
    Answer: B

  20. Loyalty means A. faithfulness and commitment B. dishonesty C. corruption D. lawlessness
    Answer: A

  21. One importance of national values is A. national development B. conflict C. instability D. disunity
    Answer: A

  22. The national anthem encourages citizens to A. serve the nation B. break laws C. avoid responsibility D. reject unity
    Answer: A

  23. Citizenship education promotes A. civic awareness B. ignorance C. discrimination D. violence
    Answer: A

  24. A responsible leader should demonstrate A. accountability B. corruption C. favoritism D. tribalism
    Answer: A

  25. National unity is strengthened through A. tolerance and cooperation B. hatred and division C. corruption and favoritism D. violence and conflict
    Answer: A

26–50: Human Rights and Rule of Law

  1. Human rights are A. privileges of leaders only B. rights inherent to all humans C. benefits for workers only D. rights of politicians only
    Answer: B

  2. The right to life is a A. fundamental human right B. political privilege C. social favor D. economic reward
    Answer: A

  3. Freedom of expression means A. right to express opinions lawfully B. freedom to commit crimes C. freedom to insult others D. freedom to ignore laws
    Answer: A

  4. The rule of law means A. government by force B. supremacy of the law C. military rule D. dictatorship
    Answer: B

  5. Equality before the law means A. all citizens are treated equally by the law B. leaders are above the law C. rich people are favored D. judges make laws
    Answer: A

  6. The judiciary is responsible for A. making laws B. interpreting laws C. enforcing laws D. collecting taxes
    Answer: B

  7. The legislature is responsible for A. making laws B. enforcing laws C. interpreting laws D. arresting offenders
    Answer: A

  8. The executive is responsible for A. implementing laws B. interpreting laws C. making laws only D. hearing cases
    Answer: A

  9. A constitution is A. the supreme law of a country B. a political party C. a court ruling D. an election result
    Answer: A

  10. The right to fair hearing means A. every accused person should be heard before judgment B. criminals should be ignored C. judges should not listen to cases D. leaders are always right
    Answer: A

  11. Child abuse violates A. human rights B. civic duties C. national anthem D. taxation laws
    Answer: A

  12. Human trafficking is A. a violation of human rights B. a civic duty C. lawful employment D. political participation
    Answer: A

  13. The right to education is a A. social right B. military right C. political party right D. privilege only
    Answer: A

  14. Discrimination occurs when people are treated A. unfairly due to differences B. equally before the law C. with respect D. responsibly
    Answer: A

  15. The police help maintain A. law and order B. corruption C. violence D. lawlessness
    Answer: A

  16. Justice means A. fairness in treatment B. favoritism C. oppression D. discrimination
    Answer: A

  17. A democratic society protects A. human rights B. dictatorship C. oppression D. slavery
    Answer: A

  18. Fundamental rights are usually contained in the A. constitution B. newspaper C. party manifesto D. budget
    Answer: A

  19. The right to vote is a A. political right B. economic right C. social right D. cultural right
    Answer: A

  20. Rule of law discourages A. abuse of power B. accountability C. justice D. equality
    Answer: A

  21. The court is responsible for A. settling disputes B. making policies C. campaigning for elections D. collecting taxes
    Answer: A

  22. A citizen can seek justice through the A. courts B. market C. media only D. transport union
    Answer: A

  23. Human rights are protected by A. law B. rumor C. violence D. tribalism
    Answer: A

  24. Civic rights are enjoyed by A. citizens B. animals C. machines D. companies only
    Answer: A

  25. One benefit of rule of law is A. political stability B. lawlessness C. oppression D. injustice
    Answer: A

51–100: Democracy, Governance and National Development

  1. Democracy is government of the people, by the people and for the people. This definition was popularized by A. Abraham Lincoln B. Nelson Mandela C. Mahatma Gandhi D. Winston Churchill
    Answer: A

  2. Democracy encourages A. participation of citizens B. dictatorship C. oppression D. military rule
    Answer: A

  3. Universal adult suffrage means A. all qualified adults can vote B. only leaders can vote C. only men can vote D. only women can vote
    Answer: A

  4. Election is the process of A. choosing leaders through voting B. making laws C. interpreting laws D. enforcing laws
    Answer: A

  5. Voting is an example of A. political participation B. corruption C. violence D. dictatorship
    Answer: A

  6. The body responsible for conducting elections in Nigeria is the A. INEC B. CBN C. EFCC D. NDIC
    Answer: A

  7. A political party is an organization formed to A. contest elections and gain power B. enforce laws C. interpret laws D. collect taxes
    Answer: A

  8. Electoral malpractice undermines A. democracy B. development C. justice D. all of the above
    Answer: D

  9. Leadership involves A. influencing people toward goals B. oppression only C. dictatorship only D. favoritism only
    Answer: A

  10. Good governance is characterized by A. accountability B. transparency C. rule of law D. all of the above
    Answer: D

  11. Accountability means A. being answerable for actions B. avoiding responsibility C. corruption D. lawlessness
    Answer: A

  12. Transparency promotes A. trust in government B. corruption C. secrecy D. conflict
    Answer: A

  13. Corruption refers to A. abuse of public office for personal gain B. honesty C. accountability D. patriotism
    Answer: A

  14. One effect of corruption is A. underdevelopment B. progress C. unity D. discipline
    Answer: A

  15. EFCC is an agency that fights A. economic and financial crimes B. farming problems C. transportation issues D. education challenges
    Answer: A

  16. National development involves A. improvement in citizens' welfare B. conflict C. instability D. oppression
    Answer: A

  17. Poverty can hinder A. national development B. progress only C. employment only D. education only
    Answer: A

  18. Peace is necessary for A. development B. conflict C. violence D. instability
    Answer: A

  19. Conflict resolution aims at A. settling disputes peacefully B. encouraging violence C. promoting hatred D. causing division
    Answer: A

  20. Dialogue is important in resolving A. conflicts B. elections only C. taxes only D. budgets only
    Answer: A

  21. Civic engagement refers to A. active participation in community affairs B. avoiding social issues C. isolation D. dictatorship
    Answer: A

  22. Pressure groups seek to A. influence government policies B. make laws directly C. conduct elections D. interpret laws
    Answer: A

  23. Public opinion refers to A. views held by the public B. court judgments C. political manifestos D. constitutions
    Answer: A

  24. The media contributes to democracy through A. information dissemination B. suppression of rights C. dictatorship D. election violence
    Answer: A

  25. National integration promotes A. unity among diverse groups B. tribalism C. discrimination D. hatred
    Answer: A

  26. One major cause of election violence is A. intolerance B. patriotism C. discipline D. cooperation
    Answer: A

  27. Human trafficking negatively affects A. human dignity B. development C. security D. all of the above
    Answer: D

  28. Drug abuse can lead to A. crime and poor health B. development C. productivity only D. unity
    Answer: A

  29. Cultism is harmful because it promotes A. violence and insecurity B. peace C. discipline D. unity
    Answer: A

  30. Environmental protection is a responsibility of A. everyone B. government only C. students only D. farmers only
    Answer: A

  31. Citizenship by naturalization is granted to A. foreigners who meet legal requirements B. all visitors C. tourists only D. diplomats only
    Answer: A

  32. National symbols help promote A. national identity B. corruption C. violence D. tribalism
    Answer: A

  33. The National Pledge encourages A. loyalty and service B. lawlessness C. corruption D. discrimination
    Answer: A

  34. Democracy thrives where there is A. respect for human rights B. oppression C. dictatorship D. violence
    Answer: A

  35. Good citizenship requires A. active participation in society B. irresponsibility C. violence D. corruption
    Answer: A

  36. A referendum allows citizens to A. vote on important issues directly B. appoint judges C. collect taxes D. enforce laws
    Answer: A

  37. Separation of powers prevents A. abuse of power B. accountability C. democracy D. justice
    Answer: A

  38. Civic competence includes A. knowledge and participation in civic life B. ignorance of society C. violence D. corruption
    Answer: A

  39. Public servants are expected to demonstrate A. integrity B. dishonesty C. favoritism D. corruption
    Answer: A

  40. Community development projects improve A. local welfare B. conflict C. poverty D. insecurity
    Answer: A

  41. One function of government is A. maintenance of law and order B. encouraging crime C. promoting violence D. creating instability
    Answer: A

  42. Democracy is strengthened by A. free and fair elections B. electoral fraud C. intimidation D. violence
    Answer: A

  43. The fight against corruption requires A. collective effort B. secrecy C. favoritism D. tribalism
    Answer: A

  44. Civic Education promotes A. responsible citizenship B. indiscipline C. lawlessness D. corruption
    Answer: A

  45. Sustainable national development requires A. peace and good governance B. violence and corruption C. instability D. dictatorship
    Answer: A

  46. Citizens participate in governance through A. voting and civic engagement B. violence only C. corruption only D. protests only
    Answer: A

  47. The welfare of citizens is a major goal of A. government B. political parties only C. pressure groups only D. courts only
    Answer: A

  48. Responsible citizenship contributes to A. national development B. instability C. conflict D. corruption
    Answer: A

  49. Civic Education is important because it develops A. informed and responsible citizens B. criminals C. dictators D. rebels
    Answer: A

  50. The ultimate aim of Civic Education is to promote A. responsible citizenship and national development B. tribalism C. corruption D. violence
    Answer: A

EXAM SUCCESS TIPS

  • Study citizenship, rights, and responsibilities thoroughly.
  • Master national values and civic responsibilities.
  • Understand democracy, elections, and governance.
  • Learn the functions of government institutions.
  • Revise human rights and rule of law topics.
  • Study corruption, accountability, and transparency.
  • Practice past JAMB CBT questions regularly.
  • Read current civic and national issues.
  • Understand national symbols and their significance.
  • Take timed CBT practice tests before the examination.

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