JAMB CBT PRACTICE TEST

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BIOLOGY LESSON NOTE ON HUMAN KIDNEY

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Lesson Note on the Human Kidney Topic: The Human Kidney Duration: 40 minutes Specific Objectives: By the end of the lesson, students should be able to: Define the kidney and state its location in the human body. Identify and describe the structure and functions of the kidney. Explain the processes involved in urine formation (filtration, reabsorption, and secretion). Describe how the kidney contributes to homeostasis. Identify common kidney-related diseases and how to prevent them. Evaluate the importance of maintaining kidney health. Lesson Content: 1. Introduction to the Human Kidney The kidneys are vital organs in the human body responsible for filtering waste from the blood and regulating water and electrolyte balance. They are part of the excretory system and play a crucial role in homeostasis. Location: The kidneys are located in the abdominal cavity, on either side of the spine, just below the rib cage. Each kidney is bean-shaped and about the size of a fi...
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NECO Physics Past Questions and Answers

 

Introduction

Physics is a core science subject in the NECO Senior School Certificate Examination (SSCE). It deals with matter, energy, motion, forces, waves, electricity, magnetism, and modern physics. Success in Physics requires understanding formulas, laws, and solving numerical problems regularly. This set contains 100 NECO-standard objective questions with properly distributed answers across options A–D.

OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS

Instruction: Choose the correct option A–D.

1–25: Mechanics and General Physics

  1. The S.I unit of force is
    A. Joule B. Newton C. Watt D. Pascal
    Answer: B

  2. The acceleration due to gravity is approximately
    A. 8.8 m/s² B. 9.8 m/s² C. 10.8 m/s² D. 11.8 m/s²
    Answer: B

  3. Velocity is defined as
    A. distance/time B. displacement/time C. force/mass D. mass/volume
    Answer: B

  4. Speed is a
    A. vector quantity B. scalar quantity C. force D. energy
    Answer: B

  5. The instrument used to measure time is
    A. barometer B. ammeter C. stopwatch D. voltmeter
    Answer: C

  6. A body is said to be at rest when it
    A. is moving fast B. changes position C. does not change position D. is accelerating
    Answer: C

  7. Work is done when
    A. force moves an object through a distance B. object is at rest C. no force is applied D. temperature changes
    Answer: A

  8. The unit of work is
    A. Newton B. Joule C. Watt D. Pascal
    Answer: B

  9. Power is defined as
    A. work/time B. force × distance C. mass × velocity D. energy × time
    Answer: A

  10. The S.I unit of power is
    A. Joule B. Newton C. Watt D. Volt
    Answer: C

  11. Momentum is
    A. mass × velocity B. force × time C. energy × distance D. mass/volume
    Answer: A

  12. The law of inertia is associated with
    A. Newton’s first law B. second law C. third law D. Boyle’s law
    Answer: A

  13. Force =
    A. mass × acceleration B. mass × velocity C. work × time D. energy ÷ time
    Answer: A

  14. The instrument for measuring mass is
    A. thermometer B. beam balance C. barometer D. ammeter
    Answer: B

  15. Density is
    A. mass × volume B. mass/volume C. volume/mass D. force/area
    Answer: B

  16. The S.I unit of density is
    A. kg/m³ B. m/s C. kg D. N/m²
    Answer: A

  17. Pressure is
    A. force × area B. force/area C. mass × volume D. work/time
    Answer: B

  18. The S.I unit of pressure is
    A. Joule B. Pascal C. Newton D. Watt
    Answer: B

  19. A liquid exerts pressure
    A. only downward B. in all directions C. only upward D. not at all
    Answer: B

  20. The principle of flotation is due to
    A. Newton’s law B. Archimedes’ principle C. Ohm’s law D. Boyle’s law
    Answer: B

  21. A body floats when its density is
    A. greater than water B. equal to water C. less than water D. zero
    Answer: C

  22. The unit of energy is
    A. Watt B. Joule C. Newton D. Pascal
    Answer: B

  23. Kinetic energy depends on
    A. height B. motion C. temperature D. pressure
    Answer: B

  24. Potential energy depends on
    A. position B. speed C. sound D. force only
    Answer: A

  25. A simple machine makes work
    A. harder B. easier C. impossible D. slower
    Answer: B

26–50: Heat, Waves and Sound

  1. Heat is a form of
    A. matter B. energy C. force D. mass
    Answer: B

  2. The S.I unit of temperature is
    A. Kelvin B. Celsius C. Fahrenheit D. Joule
    Answer: A

  3. Boiling point of water is
    A. 90°C B. 95°C C. 100°C D. 110°C
    Answer: C

  4. Melting point of ice is
    A. 0°C B. 10°C C. 100°C D. -10°C
    Answer: A

  5. Conduction occurs mainly in
    A. liquids B. gases C. solids D. vacuum
    Answer: C

  6. Convection occurs in
    A. solids only B. liquids and gases C. vacuum D. metals only
    Answer: B

  7. Radiation does not require
    A. heat B. medium C. energy D. light
    Answer: B

  8. Sound travels fastest in
    A. air B. vacuum C. solid D. gas
    Answer: C

  9. Sound cannot travel in
    A. air B. water C. vacuum D. steel
    Answer: C

  10. The unit of frequency is
    A. Hertz B. Joule C. Watt D. Newton
    Answer: A

  11. Echo is caused by
    A. reflection of sound B. refraction of light C. vibration of air D. absorption of light
    Answer: A

  12. Human hearing range is
    A. 20 Hz–20,000 Hz B. 10–100 Hz C. 100–1000 Hz D. 1–10 Hz
    Answer: A

  13. Loudness of sound depends on
    A. frequency B. amplitude C. speed D. wavelength
    Answer: B

  14. Pitch depends on
    A. amplitude B. frequency C. speed D. mass
    Answer: B

  15. Ultrasound has frequency
    A. below 20 Hz B. above 20,000 Hz C. equal 20 Hz D. zero
    Answer: B

  16. The speed of light is
    A. 3×10⁶ m/s B. 3×10⁸ m/s C. 3×10⁵ m/s D. 3×10⁷ m/s
    Answer: B

  17. Light travels in
    A. curved path B. straight line C. zigzag D. circle
    Answer: B

  18. Reflection of light occurs in
    A. mirror B. water only C. air D. wood
    Answer: A

  19. Refraction is
    A. bending of light B. reflection of sound C. absorption of heat D. vibration
    Answer: A

  20. A rainbow is formed due to
    A. reflection only B. refraction and dispersion C. sound waves D. heat
    Answer: B

  21. The lens in the eye is
    A. concave B. convex C. flat D. plane mirror
    Answer: B

  22. Short-sightedness is corrected using
    A. convex lens B. concave lens C. mirror D. prism
    Answer: B

  23. Long-sightedness is corrected using
    A. concave lens B. convex lens C. flat lens D. no lens
    Answer: B

  24. The SI unit of wavelength is
    A. meter B. second C. Hertz D. Joule
    Answer: A

  25. A wave carries
    A. matter B. energy C. mass D. particles
    Answer: B

51–75: Electricity and Magnetism

  1. Electric current is measured in
    A. Volt B. Ampere C. Ohm D. Watt
    Answer: B

  2. Voltage is measured in
    A. Volt B. Ampere C. Ohm D. Joule
    Answer: A

  3. Resistance is measured in
    A. Volt B. Ampere C. Ohm D. Watt
    Answer: C

  4. Ohm’s law states V =
    A. IR B. I/R C. R/I D. I+R
    Answer: A

  5. A conductor allows
    A. heat only B. electricity flow C. light only D. sound only
    Answer: B

  6. An insulator does not allow
    A. heat only B. electricity flow C. light D. sound
    Answer: B

  7. Fuse is used to
    A. increase current B. protect circuit C. store energy D. generate light
    Answer: B

  8. A battery converts
    A. heat to light B. chemical energy to electrical energy C. light to heat D. sound to electricity
    Answer: B

  9. Electric power =
    A. VI B. V/I C. IR D. I/R
    Answer: A

  10. The unit of electric energy is
    A. Joule B. Watt-hour C. Newton D. Pascal
    Answer: B

  11. Magnet attracts
    A. wood B. iron C. glass D. plastic
    Answer: B

  12. Like poles
    A. attract B. repel C. combine D. disappear
    Answer: B

  13. Unlike poles
    A. repel B. attract C. destroy D. neutral
    Answer: B

  14. Earth behaves like a
    A. magnet B. battery C. conductor D. insulator
    Answer: A

  15. Magnetic field is strongest at
    A. center B. poles C. middle D. edges
    Answer: B

  16. Electromagnet uses
    A. plastic core B. iron core C. wood core D. glass core
    Answer: B

  17. Generator converts
    A. electrical to heat B. mechanical to electrical energy C. light to sound D. chemical to heat
    Answer: B

  18. Transformer is used to
    A. store energy B. change voltage C. produce light D. stop current
    Answer: B

  19. Step-up transformer increases
    A. current B. voltage C. resistance D. mass
    Answer: B

  20. Step-down transformer decreases
    A. voltage B. mass C. light D. sound
    Answer: A

  21. Electricity flows in
    A. open circuit B. closed circuit C. broken wire D. air
    Answer: B

  22. Ammeter measures
    A. voltage B. current C. resistance D. energy
    Answer: B

  23. Voltmeter measures
    A. current B. voltage C. resistance D. power
    Answer: B

  24. Series circuit has
    A. multiple paths B. one path C. no path D. broken path
    Answer: B

  25. Parallel circuit has
    A. one path B. multiple paths C. no path D. closed only
    Answer: B

76–100: Modern Physics and Mixed Revision

  1. Radioactivity is
    A. chemical change B. nuclear process C. mechanical process D. sound wave
    Answer: B

  2. Alpha particle has charge
    A. +2 B. -1 C. 0 D. +1
    Answer: A

  3. Beta particle is
    A. proton B. electron C. neutron D. atom
    Answer: B

  4. Gamma rays are
    A. particles B. waves C. atoms D. ions
    Answer: B

  5. Nuclear energy is obtained from
    A. atoms B. molecules C. air D. water
    Answer: A

  6. The instrument for measuring temperature is
    A. barometer B. thermometer C. ammeter D. voltmeter
    Answer: B

  7. Pressure in gases is due to
    A. collisions of molecules B. heat only C. light D. mass
    Answer: A

  8. Boyle’s law relates pressure and
    A. volume B. temperature C. mass D. energy
    Answer: A

  9. Charles law relates volume and
    A. pressure B. temperature C. mass D. energy
    Answer: B

  10. The SI unit of gas volume is
    A. liter B. m³ C. cm D. kg
    Answer: B

  11. Work done =
    A. force × distance B. mass × velocity C. power × time D. energy × mass
    Answer: A

  12. Energy cannot be
    A. created only B. destroyed only C. created or destroyed D. stored
    Answer: C

  13. A machine with efficiency 100% is
    A. ideal B. real C. useless D. broken
    Answer: A

  14. Efficiency is
    A. useful output/input ×100 B. input/output ×100 C. force × distance D. mass × speed
    Answer: A

  15. Friction always acts
    A. in direction of motion B. opposite motion C. upward D. downward
    Answer: B

  16. Lubrication reduces
    A. speed B. friction C. mass D. weight
    Answer: B

  17. The lever is a
    A. machine B. chemical C. wave D. light
    Answer: A

  18. Fulcrum is
    A. load B. pivot point C. effort D. resistance
    Answer: B

  19. Load is
    A. force applied B. resistance C. weight lifted D. energy
    Answer: C

  20. Effort is
    A. resistance B. force applied C. weight D. speed
    Answer: B

  21. The unit of frequency is
    A. Joule B. Hertz C. Newton D. Volt
    Answer: B

  22. The energy stored in a stretched spring is
    A. kinetic B. potential C. nuclear D. sound
    Answer: B

  23. Hooke’s law relates force and
    A. pressure B. extension C. energy D. mass
    Answer: B

  24. The Earth rotates on its
    A. axis B. orbit C. surface D. core
    Answer: A

  25. The Earth revolves around the
    A. Moon B. Sun C. Mars D. Jupiter
    Answer: B

EXAM SUCCESS TIPS

  • Master formulas in mechanics, electricity, and waves
  • Practice calculations regularly
  • Understand laws (Newton, Ohm, Boyle, etc.)
  • Draw diagrams to understand concepts
  • Practice past NECO CBT questions
  • Revise units and conversions
  • Focus on understanding, not memorization
  • Manage time during exams
  • Solve numerical problems daily
  • Stay consistent with revision

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