JAMB CBT PRACTICE TEST

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BIOLOGY LESSON NOTE ON HUMAN KIDNEY

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Lesson Note on the Human Kidney Topic: The Human Kidney Duration: 40 minutes Specific Objectives: By the end of the lesson, students should be able to: Define the kidney and state its location in the human body. Identify and describe the structure and functions of the kidney. Explain the processes involved in urine formation (filtration, reabsorption, and secretion). Describe how the kidney contributes to homeostasis. Identify common kidney-related diseases and how to prevent them. Evaluate the importance of maintaining kidney health. Lesson Content: 1. Introduction to the Human Kidney The kidneys are vital organs in the human body responsible for filtering waste from the blood and regulating water and electrolyte balance. They are part of the excretory system and play a crucial role in homeostasis. Location: The kidneys are located in the abdominal cavity, on either side of the spine, just below the rib cage. Each kidney is bean-shaped and about the size of a fi...
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WAEC Biology Past Questions and Answers

 

Introduction

Biology is a core subject in WAEC examinations that deals with the study of living organisms, their structure, functions, reproduction, and interaction with the environment. Success in Biology requires consistent practice, understanding of concepts, and familiarity with past questions. This post provides 100 WAEC-standard objective questions and answers to help students prepare effectively for exams.

OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS (1–100)

Instruction: Choose the correct option A–D.

  1. The basic unit of life is the
    A. tissue B. organ C. cell D. system
    Answer: C

  2. The control center of the cell is
    A. cytoplasm B. nucleus C. vacuole D. membrane
    Answer: B

  3. The powerhouse of the cell is
    A. ribosome B. mitochondrion C. Golgi body D. lysosome
    Answer: B

  4. Plant cells differ from animal cells because they have
    A. nucleus B. cell wall C. cytoplasm D. mitochondria
    Answer: B

  5. Chlorophyll is found in the
    A. mitochondria B. chloroplast C. nucleus D. ribosome
    Answer: B

  6. Photosynthesis occurs in the
    A. root B. leaf C. stem D. flower
    Answer: B

  7. The raw materials for photosynthesis are
    A. oxygen and glucose B. carbon dioxide and water C. starch and oxygen D. protein and fat
    Answer: B

  8. The gas released during photosynthesis is
    A. carbon dioxide B. oxygen C. nitrogen D. hydrogen
    Answer: B

  9. The process of water loss in plants is
    A. respiration B. transpiration C. digestion D. excretion
    Answer: B

  10. Xylem transports
    A. food B. water C. oxygen D. hormones
    Answer: B

  11. Phloem transports
    A. water B. food C. oxygen D. salt
    Answer: B

  12. The cell membrane is responsible for
    A. digestion B. selective permeability C. respiration D. movement
    Answer: B

  13. The nucleus controls
    A. digestion B. cell activities C. movement D. breathing
    Answer: B

  14. The cytoplasm is
    A. solid B. liquid C. gas D. bone
    Answer: B

  15. Ribosomes are responsible for
    A. protein synthesis B. respiration C. digestion D. transport
    Answer: A

  16. Mitochondria produce
    A. glucose B. ATP C. starch D. oxygen
    Answer: B

  17. Lysosomes are involved in
    A. digestion B. photosynthesis C. movement D. reproduction
    Answer: A

  18. The outer layer of plant cells is
    A. membrane B. cell wall C. nucleus D. vacuole
    Answer: B

  19. A group of similar cells forms
    A. organ B. tissue C. system D. organism
    Answer: B

  20. The study of cells is called
    A. ecology B. cytology C. zoology D. anatomy
    Answer: B

  21. Digestion begins in the
    A. stomach B. mouth C. intestine D. liver
    Answer: B

  22. Saliva contains
    A. pepsin B. amylase C. insulin D. bile
    Answer: B

  23. The organ that produces bile is
    A. kidney B. liver C. pancreas D. stomach
    Answer: B

  24. Bile helps in digestion of
    A. protein B. fat C. starch D. vitamins
    Answer: B

  25. Absorption of food occurs in the
    A. stomach B. small intestine C. liver D. mouth
    Answer: B

  26. Blood is a type of
    A. organ B. tissue C. system D. cell
    Answer: B

  27. The heart pumps
    A. air B. blood C. food D. lymph
    Answer: B

  28. Arteries carry blood
    A. to heart B. away from heart C. both ways D. none
    Answer: B

  29. Veins carry blood
    A. away from heart B. to heart C. only oxygen D. only food
    Answer: B

  30. The smallest blood vessels are
    A. veins B. arteries C. capillaries D. valves
    Answer: C

  31. Respiration occurs in the
    A. nucleus B. mitochondria C. ribosome D. membrane
    Answer: B

  32. The waste gas in respiration is
    A. oxygen B. nitrogen C. carbon dioxide D. hydrogen
    Answer: C

  33. The organ for excretion in humans is
    A. liver B. kidney C. heart D. lung
    Answer: B

  34. Sweat contains
    A. glucose B. urea and salts C. oxygen D. starch
    Answer: B

  35. The skeleton provides
    A. digestion B. support and protection C. respiration D. circulation
    Answer: B

  36. The longest bone in the body is
    A. femur B. skull C. ribs D. tibia
    Answer: A

  37. Movement is caused by
    A. bones only B. muscles only C. bones and muscles D. blood
    Answer: C

  38. Muscles work in pairs called
    A. antagonistic muscles B. skeletal muscles C. smooth muscles D. cardiac muscles
    Answer: A

  39. A habitat is
    A. food chain B. place organisms live C. ecosystem D. population
    Answer: B

  40. A population is
    A. different species B. same species in an area C. all organisms D. food chain
    Answer: B

  41. Producers are
    A. animals B. plants C. fungi D. bacteria
    Answer: B

  42. Herbivores eat
    A. meat B. plants C. both D. decomposers
    Answer: B

  43. Carnivores eat
    A. plants B. meat C. fruits D. leaves
    Answer: B

  44. Decomposers break down
    A. living organisms B. dead organisms C. rocks D. water
    Answer: B

  45. A food chain starts with
    A. carnivore B. herbivore C. producer D. decomposer
    Answer: C

  46. Fertilization is
    A. growth B. fusion of gametes C. respiration D. digestion
    Answer: B

  47. Male reproductive cell is
    A. ovum B. sperm C. zygote D. embryo
    Answer: B

  48. Female reproductive cell is
    A. sperm B. ovum C. pollen D. embryo
    Answer: B

  49. The study of heredity is
    A. ecology B. genetics C. zoology D. botany
    Answer: B

  50. DNA controls
    A. digestion B. inheritance C. movement D. respiration
    Answer: B

  51. Malaria is caused by
    A. virus B. bacteria C. protozoa D. fungi
    Answer: C

  52. Malaria is transmitted by
    A. housefly B. mosquito C. rat D. cockroach
    Answer: B

  53. AIDS is caused by
    A. bacteria B. virus C. fungi D. protozoa
    Answer: B

  54. Antibiotics kill
    A. viruses B. bacteria C. plants D. animals
    Answer: B

  55. Immunity is protection against
    A. food B. disease C. growth D. movement
    Answer: B

  56. Vaccination provides
    A. no protection B. immunity C. infection D. disease
    Answer: B

  57. Insulin controls
    A. growth B. sugar level C. breathing D. movement
    Answer: B

  58. Diabetes is caused by lack of
    A. oxygen B. insulin C. water D. enzyme
    Answer: B

  59. Variation means
    A. similarity B. differences among organisms C. death D. growth
    Answer: B

  60. Evolution is
    A. sudden change B. gradual change C. digestion D. respiration
    Answer: B

  61. A mutation is
    A. normal growth B. change in DNA C. feeding D. movement
    Answer: B

  62. Vertebrates have
    A. shell B. backbone C. wings D. fins only
    Answer: B

  63. Insects breathe through
    A. lungs B. spiracles C. gills D. skin
    Answer: B

  64. Classification is called
    A. taxonomy B. ecology C. anatomy D. physiology
    Answer: A

  65. A microscope is used to view
    A. stars B. small organisms C. planets D. mountains
    Answer: B

  66. Oxygen is transported by
    A. plasma B. haemoglobin C. platelets D. enzymes
    Answer: B

  67. Blood is composed of
    A. only cells B. plasma and cells C. only plasma D. water only
    Answer: B

  68. The heart is located in the
    A. head B. chest C. stomach D. leg
    Answer: B

  69. The brain controls
    A. digestion B. body activities C. breathing only D. blood
    Answer: B

  70. The spinal cord is part of the
    A. digestive system B. nervous system C. circulatory system D. skeletal system
    Answer: B

  71. The leaf is mainly for
    A. reproduction B. photosynthesis C. support D. storage
    Answer: B

  72. Transpiration occurs mainly through
    A. roots B. stomata C. stem D. flowers
    Answer: B

  73. The stem supports
    A. roots B. leaves and flowers C. fruits only D. seeds only
    Answer: B

  74. Water is absorbed by plants through
    A. leaves B. roots C. stem D. flower
    Answer: B

  75. The food storage organ in plants is
    A. leaf B. root C. flower D. fruit
    Answer: B

  76. Ecology is the study of
    A. cells B. environment and organisms C. bones D. muscles
    Answer: B

  77. Ecosystem includes
    A. living things only B. living and non-living things C. animals only D. plants only
    Answer: B

  78. Oxygen is required for
    A. respiration B. digestion C. growth D. reproduction
    Answer: A

  79. The end product of digestion of protein is
    A. glucose B. amino acids C. fatty acids D. starch
    Answer: B

  80. The end product of carbohydrate digestion is
    A. glucose B. amino acids C. fat D. glycerol
    Answer: A

  81. The kidney removes
    A. oxygen B. urea C. food D. blood
    Answer: B

  82. The liver detoxifies
    A. blood B. air C. food D. oxygen
    Answer: A

  83. A balanced diet contains
    A. one nutrient B. all nutrients C. only protein D. only fat
    Answer: B

  84. The skull protects the
    A. heart B. brain C. lungs D. stomach
    Answer: B

  85. The rib cage protects the
    A. brain B. heart and lungs C. liver only D. kidney
    Answer: B

  86. A joint is where two
    A. muscles meet B. bones meet C. nerves meet D. tissues meet
    Answer: B

  87. Hormones are produced by
    A. enzymes B. endocrine glands C. bones D. muscles
    Answer: B

  88. The pancreas produces
    A. bile B. insulin C. oxygen D. saliva
    Answer: B

  89. The thyroid gland controls
    A. growth and metabolism B. digestion C. breathing D. movement
    Answer: A

  90. Adaptation helps organisms to
    A. die B. survive C. stop growing D. sleep
    Answer: B

  91. A virus is
    A. fully living B. non-living outside host C. plant D. animal
    Answer: B

  92. A microscope magnifies
    A. objects B. images C. sound D. light only
    Answer: B

  93. The study of animals is
    A. botany B. zoology C. geology D. ecology
    Answer: B

  94. The study of plants is
    A. zoology B. botany C. anatomy D. physiology
    Answer: B

  95. Water cycle involves
    A. only plants B. evaporation and condensation C. digestion D. respiration
    Answer: B

  96. Oxygen is produced during
    A. respiration B. photosynthesis C. digestion D. excretion
    Answer: B

  97. Carbon dioxide is used in
    A. respiration B. photosynthesis C. digestion D. circulation
    Answer: B

  98. The skin is part of the
    A. digestive system B. excretory system C. circulatory system D. skeletal system
    Answer: B

  99. The reproductive system produces
    A. blood B. gametes C. enzymes D. hormones only
    Answer: B

  100. Biology is the study of
    A. rocks B. living things C. planets D. machines
    Answer: B

EXAM SUCCESS TIPS

  • Practice past questions daily
  • Focus on diagrams and labeling
  • Understand concepts, don’t memorize blindly
  • Revise ecology, genetics, and human biology thoroughly
  • Study practical biology experiments
  • Learn definitions exactly as required
  • Practice CBT timed tests
  • Stay consistent with revision
  • Focus on commonly repeated WAEC topics
  • Avoid last-minute cramming

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